集输管道分布式光纤声波泄漏监测系统的设计与试验

Design and Experimental Study of Distributed Optical Fiber Acoustic Leakage Detec⁃tion System for Gathering and Transportation Pipeline

建立高效稳定的泄漏监测系统是保障高含硫气田集输管道安全运行的关键,对于减小泄漏事故造成的人员伤亡和经济损失意义重大。基于分布式光纤声波传感技术设计了一种新的天然气管道泄漏监测系统,并模拟了不同泄漏孔径下的分布式光纤振动传感器的测试效果,通过模拟试验得到的光纤振动曲线以及声波信号曲线发现:分布式光纤声波泄漏监测系统可对0.5 mm的微泄漏进行监测,监测范围达到180°,传感器探测距离可达80 cm,泄漏事件响应时间≤3 s,对泄漏点可实现快速准确地定位。该系统能够同时探测多个泄漏点,实现了监测范围大、响应时间短的集输管道微泄漏监测,目前已成功应用于普光高含硫气田部分集输管道,保障了集输管道的安全运行。

The creation of an efficient and sustainable leak detection system is the key point in ensuring the safe operation of the gathering and transportation pipeline in high sulfur content gas fields,which is of great significance to reduce the casualties and economic losses caused by the accident of pipeline leak-age.In this paper,based on distributed fiber optic acoustic sensor technology,a new leakage detection system is designed for natural gas pipeline,and simulated the testing effects of the distributed fiber optic vibration sensor with different leakage aperture.The results of the optical fiber vibration curve and acoustic signal curve obtained by simulation experiments are as follows:distributed optical fiber acoustic leakage detection system can monitor 0.5 mm micro leakage,its monitoring range can reach 180°,the sensor can detect up to 80 cm.Its response time is less than or equals to 3 s,and fast and accurate lo-cation of leakage point is realized.The system can detect multiple leakage points simultaneously.The mi-cro-leakage monitoring of gathering and transportation pipeline with a large monitoring range and short response time is realized.The system has been successfully applied to some gathering and transportation pipelines in high sulfur gas fields in Puguang to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline.