高度城市化地区建设用地扩展及其驱动力分析——以深圳市为例

Construction Land Expansion and Its Driving Force in Highly Urbanization Areas:A Case Study of Shenzhen City

基于年度土地利用变更调查数据,通过分析城市建设用地的时空变化、扩展强度和景观格局,探究深圳市1996―2016年城市建设用地扩展过程及其特征,揭示高度城市化地区城市建设用地扩展的空间分异,并采用回归分析模型,探讨社会经济因素对建设用地扩展的驱动机制,得到如下结果:1)深圳市建设用地扩展呈持续增长趋势,新增建设用地扩展模式差异显著,福田区和罗湖区以内部填充为主,南山区和宝安区以外部扩展为主;2)不同区域的建设用地扩展强度与景观格局指数的差异变化表明,建设用地空间扩展正从无序、同质化、低效蔓延,逐步向有序、异质化、高效利用转变;3)社会经济因素与建设用地扩展均显著正相关,常住人口的回归系数最大(0.578),固定资产投资额的回归系数最小(0.000),皮尔森相关性排序为常住人口>产业结构>GDP>固定资产投资额,说明人口对于建设用地扩展起决定性作用,固定资产投资体现为连接功能。

Based on the survey data of land use change,this paper studies the process and characteristics of urban construction land expansion in Shenzhen from 1996 to 2016 by analyzing the spatial and temporal changes,expansion intensity and landscape pattern of urban construction land,and reveals the spatial differentiation of urban construction land expansion in highly urbanized areas.Regression analysis model is used to explore the driving mechanism of social and economic factors on the expansion of construction land.The results show that the expansion of construction land in Shenzhen presents a continuous growth trend,and the expansion mode of new construction land is significantly different.Futian District and Luohu District are mainly expanded by interior filling,while Nanshan District and Baoan District are mainly expanded by external expansion.The difference between construction land extension intensity in different regions and the index of landscape pattern indicates that the spatial expansion of construction land is gradually changing from disorder,homogeneity,inefficient spread to orderly,heterogeneous and efficient utilization.Social and economic factors have a significant positive correlation with construction land expansion.The regression coefficient of resident population is the largest(0.578),and that of fixed assets investment is the smallest(0.000).Pearson correlation ranking is Resident population>Industrial structure>GDP>Fixed asset investment,indicating that population plays a decisive role in the expansion of construction land,and fixed asset investment is embodied in the function of connection.