电解水制氢储能技术现状与展望

Current Status and Prospect of Energy Storage Technology by Hydrogen Production Based on Water Electrolysis

太阳能、风能等可再生能源的规模化开发利用推动全球范围内能源互联网的发展,储能是可再生能源高占比能源系统中的关键支撑技术之一。氢能具有能源储存时间跨度长、运输距离远、消纳利用渠道多等特点,以氢作为储能载体的电解水制氢技术可望促进大规模可再生能源的整合与消纳,是未来储能产业的重要发展方向。首先比较了包括氢储能在内的各种储能技术特点,其次重点阐述了各种电解水制氢技术的原理、特性与应用现状,概述了氢能储运与利用等产业链相关技术的发展现状。在此基础上,对电解水制氢、氢能储运及利用技术的发展趋势进行了展望。

The large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy including solar and wind energy promote the development of energy Internet around the world.Energy storage is one of the key technologies in integrated energy systems with a high proportion of renewable energy.With the advantages of long-term energy storage,long transportation distance and abundant ways of consumption and utilization,hydrogen-based energy storage technology by water electrolysis will promote the penetration of renewable energy and play a significant role in the future.In this work,the characteristics of various energy storage technologies are compared.The working principles,characteristics and current applications of various water electrolysis technologies are thoroughly discussed.The development of related hydrogen storage,transportation,and utilization technologies are briefly summarized.Finally,the development trends of hydrogen production by water electrolysis,as well as the hydrogen storage,transportation and utilization technologies are prospected.