长三角地区城乡融合发展的时空格局

Spatial-temporal Evolution and Patterns of Rural-urban Integration in the Yangtze River Delta Region

城乡融合发展已经成为新时代社会主义现代化建设的主要目标。长三角地区的城乡发展差异较大、非常典型,分析其时空演变特征和格局具有重要意义。基于经济、人口、社会三个维度构建的简明指标体系,从不同尺度评估长三角城乡融合发展的进程,可以发现,长三角在城乡居民可支配收入、城镇化与就业非农化、住房建筑面积、文教娱乐支出等人均指标上均有提升,也存在显著的省际差异,城市尺度则凸显了“东南-西北”空间分异格局。长三角要实现城乡融合发展,亟需建立多尺度的区域联动机制,改善省际综合发展差异;突破圈层式空间分异格局,提升城乡经济收入水平;缓解二元性人口互流矛盾,创新城乡住房保障制度;激活多样化文教娱乐需求,增强城乡消费互促能力。

The rural-urban integration has become the main goal of socialist modernization in the new era.The Yangtze River Delta Region(YRDA)has typical development differences in the relationship between urban and rural areas,and it is of great significance to analyze the characteristics and patterns of its temporal and spatial evolution.The study puts forward a concise indicator system based on economic,demographic,and social dimensions,which is useful for evaluating the process of rural-urban integration in YRDA from different scales.YRDA has continuously improved per capita indicators such as disposable income,urbanization and non-agricultural employment,housing construction area,cultural,educational and entertainment expenditures,but it has significant inter-provincial differences.The urban scale highlights the spatial differentiation pattern of“southeast-northwest”.To achieve the rural-urban integration in YRDA,it is urgent to establish an integrated regional linkage mechanism and improve inter-provincial differences in comprehensive development,break through the spatial differentiation pattern and increase the level of urban and rural economic income,activate diversified non-material demands and enhance the mutual promotion of urban and rural consumption.