麦蛾卵对南方小花蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响

Effects of Sitotroga cerealella on the growth,development and reproduction of Orius strigicollis

南方小花蝽Orius strigicollis作为一种广食性捕食性天敌昆虫,可高效控制蓟马、蚜虫及螨类等多种害虫,极具生防潜能。但目前国内南方小花蝽商业化进程相对滞后,其中未找到适合的饲料来源是主要的限制因素之一。本研究以新鲜麦蛾Sitotroga cerealella卵和紫外线处理的麦蛾卵作为饲养南方小花蝽的替代猎物,以南方小花蝽的天然猎物西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis为对照,通过比较其发育历期、存活率及寿命等生物学指标,组建生命表来评价麦蛾卵对南方小花蝽的饲喂效果。结果发现:以新鲜麦蛾卵、紫外处理麦蛾卵和西花蓟马饲喂的南方小花蝽若虫发育历期均无显著性差异,但取食新鲜麦蛾卵的南方小花蝽若虫存活率(60.5%)高于其他两种猎物;同时,饲喂新鲜麦蛾卵的南方小花蝽雌虫寿命(37.3 d)和雄成虫寿命(23.0 d)以及产卵量(74.0粒)均最高,其次是紫外处理麦蛾卵,而西花蓟马最低;饲喂新鲜麦蛾卵的南方小花蝽存活率、净增殖率(47.91)、内禀增长率(0.10)、周限增长率(1.11)和世代平均周期(36.5 d)均大于饲喂紫外处理麦蛾卵和饲喂西花蓟马,且种群加倍时间也以饲喂新鲜麦蛾卵的南方小花蝽最短(6.57 d)。本研究结果表明麦蛾卵可作为南方小花蝽饲养的替代猎物,且以新鲜麦蛾卵为最佳。

Orius strigicollis is an omnivorous predatory which has been considered as a potential biological control agent as it high control efficacy on thrips,aphids as well as on mites.In comparison with foreign countries,the mass-rearing and commercialization of O.strigicollis in China lags behind.Lacking optimal feed source is one of the main limiting factors.In this study,fresh and UV-irradiated eggs of Sitotroga cerealella were used as factitious prey for rearing O.strigicollis,and the O.strigicollis that reared with natural prey Frankliniella occidentalis,was used as control.The biological indexes such as developmental duration,survival rate and longevity were compared,and the life table was constructed to evaluate the feeding effect.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the developmental duration of the nymphs of O.strigicollis fed with fresh and,UV-irradiated eggs of S.cerealella as well as F.occidentalis,but the survival rate(60.5%)of nymphs fed on eggs of S.cerealella was higher than that of the other two preys.At the same time,the female adult longevity(37.3 d),the male adult longevity(23.0 d)and female fecundity(74.0)of O.strigicollis fed with fresh eggs of S.cerealella were the highest,followed by that of UV-irradiated eggs of S.cerealella and F.occidentalis.The survival rate,net reproductive rate(47.91),intrinsic rate of natural increase(0.10),the finite rate of increase(1.11)and mean generation time(36.5 d)of O.strigicollis fed with fresh eggs of S.cerealella were higher than those fed with UV-irradiated eggs of S.cerealella and F.occidentalis,the doubling time was also the shortest(6.57 d)when O.strigicollis fed with fresh eggs of S.cerealella.The results of this study indicated that the eggs of S.cerealella could be used as a factitious prey for O.strigicollis rearing,and the fresh eggs were the best.