英式橄榄球女子运动员肩扑搂撞击力量测试仪的研发

Research and Development of Shoulder Tackle Impact Strength Tester for Female Rugby Players

目的:研制女子肩扑搂撞击力量测试仪,评定肩扑搂防守效果,提高国内女子橄榄球运动员肩扑搂防守能力。方法:根据女子橄榄球运动员肩部形态和力量特征,使用压阻式压力感应器片,通过反馈电阻设置撞击负荷量程,制作撞击力量感应装置;基于USB采集卡和LabVIEW软件设计数据采集程序。结果:量程为0~1 274 N的肩扑搂撞击力量感应装置,传感器反馈电阻(Y)和撞击负荷(X)之间关系为Y=451.46X-1.003。相同负荷下,实验测试前、后的外、中、内传感器反馈电阻数值高度正相关(皮尔逊相关系数为1),反馈电阻差值小于2‰,彼此不存在显著性差异(P=0.000);作用测试仪的外部负荷数值与显示标量值高度正相关(皮尔逊相关系数为1),差值小于5%,彼此不存在显著性差异(P=0.000)。应用测试仪成功测试18名优秀女子橄榄球运动员不同体位正反架肩扑搂撞击力量,得到撞击力量最大值为832 N,平均值为体重的119%。结论:研制肩扑搂撞击力量测试仪的理论和思路正确,设计力量撞击装置的方案和编辑数据采集程序合理有效,测试仪性能稳定、可靠,信效度高,可便捷有效地测量女子肩扑搂撞击力量。

Objective:This paper aims to develop an impact strength tester of female shoulder tackle to evaluate the defensive effect of a shoulder tackle,and improve the defensive ability of female rugby players in China.Methods:On the basis of the shoulder shape and strength characteristics of female rugby players,a piezoresistive pressure transducer was used.The impact strength sensor device was made according to the strength range set by feedback resistance.The data acquisition program was designed based on USB acquisition card and LabVIEW software.Results:For an impact strength tester of female shoulder tackle with the strength range of0~1274 N,the relationship between sensor feedback resistance(Y)and the impact load(X)was Y=451.46 X-1.003 before and after the test under the same load.The feedback resistance values of the outer,middle and inner sensors were positively correlated with each other(Pearson correlation coefficient is a 1).The difference of feedback resistance was less than 2‰.There was no significant difference between them(P=0.000).The external load value of the action tester was positively correlated with the height of the displayed scalar value(Pearson correlation coefficient is 1).The difference was less than 5%,and there was no significant difference(P=0.000).The tester had been successfully applied to test the impact force of 18 elite female rugby players on the front and back tackle of different positions.It was found that the maximum impact strength of shoulder tackle was 832 N and the average was 119%of body weight.Conclusions:The theory and idea of developing the shoulder tackle impact strength tester are correct.The program of designing the strength impingement device and editing data collection is reasonable and effective,and the tester can measure the female shoulder tackle impact strength stably,reliably and effectively.