风险评估联合预防性护理对脑卒中昏迷下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

Effect of Risk Assessment Combined with Preventive Nursing on Deep Vein Thrombosis of Lower Limbs in Coma after Stroke

目的探讨风险评估联合预防性护理对脑卒中昏迷下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响。方法选择2019年5月至2020年4月我院收治的缺血性脑卒中昏迷患者80例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各40例。对照组实施预见性护理,观察组则联合风险评估管理,比较两组下肢深静脉血栓形成的症状、干预1周后两组凝血功能相关指标、血栓栓塞部位以及住院时间。结果观察组仍存在下肢疼痛、下肢肿胀及下肢颜色变化的比例均显著低于对照组(P <0.05);干预1周后,观察组凝血功能指标中TT及APTT明显长于对照组,Fib水平显著低于对照组(P <0.05);观察组出现下肢深静脉栓塞、脑血管栓塞及肺栓塞的总发生率明显低于对照组(P <0.05);观察组住院时间显著短于对照组(P <0.05)。结论针对脑卒中昏迷患者,预防和治疗下肢深静脉血栓护理上,应用风险评估联合预防护理,能有效的改善下肢功能,降低深静脉血栓形成风险与影响,缩短患者住院时间。

Objective To explore the effect of risk assessment combined with preventive nursing on deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs in coma after stroke.Methods Eighty patients with ischemic stroke coma admitted from May 2019 to April 2020 in our hospital were selected as the research objectsand were divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was given predictive nursing,while the observation group was combined with risk assessment management to compare the possible clinical manifestations of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs between the two groups.The related indexes of coagulation function,the related sites of thromboembolism after 1 week of intervention,the location of thromboembolism and the lengh of hospitalization time were compared between the two groups.Results The pain,swelling and color change of lower limbs in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);after one week of intervention,TT and APTT in the observation group were significantly longer than those in the control group;Fib level was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);and the total incidence of deep vein embolism,cerebrovascular embolism and pulmonary embolism in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the length of hospitalization time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Risk assessment combined with preventive nursing can effectively improve the function of lower limbs,reduce the risk and influence of deep vein thrombosis and shorten the hospitalization time for stroke coma patients.