靶向生产低碳烯烃的催化裂化技术开发背景、思路和概念设计

DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND,DEVELOPMENT IDEA AND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF FCC PROCESS FOR TARGETED CRACKING TO LIGHT OLEFINS

低碳烯烃是重要的石油化工原料,现有的低碳烯烃生产技术主要有蒸汽裂解、催化裂解、烯烃裂解和甲醇制烯烃。对这些技术特征进行分析,发现蒸汽裂解和催化裂解工艺存在着乙烯甲烷比过低,且甲烷产率过高,而烯烃裂解工艺原料来源不足,甲醇制烯烃工艺原料主要来自煤制甲醇,造成高碳排放。现有的低碳烯烃生产技术仍有系列科学问题需要完善,为此提出靶向生产低碳烯烃的催化裂化工艺,从原料结构、催化剂活性组元和催化反应工程3个方面进行创新,深度集成现有技术,形成多产乙烯+丙烯+丁烯、乙烯+丙烯、丙烯、丙烯+丁烯4个不同的生产方案,且生产方案之间可灵活切换。

Light olefins are important petrochemical raw materials,mainly produced by steam cracking,fluid catalytic cracking,olefin cracking and methanol to olefins process.Through technical characteristics analysis of the mentioned processes,it is found that the ratio of ethylene to methane in steam cracking and fluid catalytic cracking processes is too low,accompanied by high methane yield.The source of crude materials for the olefin cracking process is insufficient,while that of methanol to olefins process mainly comes from coal to methanol,resulting in high carbon emissions.Given the existing series of scientific problems in the production of light olefins,the targeted cracking to olefin process is proposed.The innovation is carried out from three aspects of feedstock structure,catalyst active component and catalytic reaction engineering.Through deep integration of existing technologies,four different schemes for producing ethylene+propylene+butene,ethylene+propylene,propylene and propylene+butene are formed,and the production schemes can be flexibly switched.