“伟大传统”中的普桑

Nicolas Poussin in“the Great Tradition”

普桑是17世纪最伟大的古典主义艺术家,被誉为“哲人—艺术家”。如何认识普桑及其古典主义艺术?如何看待普桑与当代的关系?对这些问题的解答,有必要将普桑置于西方文化、美学和艺术史的“伟大传统”之中,通过其经典作品来探索隐含其后的复杂美学意义。伟大传统创造了普桑,普桑又创造了伟大传统。他开创的“宏大”风格凸现了古典理性原则,在西方文化古典与浪漫的张力结构中呈现其独到的价值。尤其是普桑所独创的理想风景与英雄风景,拉开了西方风景画登上历史舞台的大幕。后来的伟大艺术家们,从大卫、柯罗、德拉克洛瓦,到塞尚、修拉、毕加索,都在不断向普桑致敬,继续“发明”普桑的伟大传统。

Nicolas Poussin was the greatest 17th-century classicist artist,known as a“philosopher-artist”.How do we understand Poussin and his classicist art?How do we view the relationship between Poussin and the contemporary art?To answer these questions,it is necessary to place Poussin in“the great tradition”of Western culture,aesthetics and artistic history,and explore the complex aesthetic significance implicit in his classic works.The great tradition created Poussin,and in return,Poussin created a great tradition.The“grand”style he pioneered highlighted the principle of classical rationality and presented its unique value in the tension structure of Western culture and romance.In particular,Poussin created the ideallandscape and heroic landscape,by which he opened the curtain on the historical stage for Western landscape paintings.His following great artists,from Jacques-Louis David(大卫),Camille Corot(柯罗)and Eugène Delacroix(德拉克洛瓦),to Paul Cezanne(塞尚),Georges Seurat(修拉)and Pablo Picasso(毕加索),constantly paid tribute to Poussin and continued to“reinvent”Poussin's great tradition.