纯母乳喂养联合游泳抚触对早产儿胃肠耐受及生长发育的影响

Effect of exclusive breastfeeding combined with swimming and touching on gastrointestinal tolerance and growth and development of premature infants

目的探讨纯母乳喂养联合游泳抚触对早产儿胃肠耐受及生长发育的影响。方法将70例早产儿按干预方式分为对照组(纯母乳喂养,35例)、观察组(纯母乳喂养联合游泳抚触,35例),观察1个月。比较两组早产儿出生2周、4周末胃肠耐受、生长发育,神经发育情况及不良事件发生率。结果出生2周、4周末,观察组早产儿摄奶量、大便次数显著多于对照组(P<0.01),热卡及白蛋白水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),每次胃内残奶量显著少于对照组(P<0.01),观察组体质量显著重于对照组(P<0.01),头围及身长显著长于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组新生儿神经行为测定总分及一般反应、行为能力、主动肌张力、被动肌张力、原始反射维度分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),不良事件发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论纯母乳喂养联合游泳抚触可明显改善早产儿胃肠耐受度,能促进其生长及神经发育,减少不良事件的发生。

Objective To investigate the effect of exclusive breastfeeding combined with swimming and touching on gastrointestinal tolerance and growth and development of premature infants.Methods A total of 70 premature infants were divided into control group(exclusive breastfeeding,35 cases)and observation group(exclusive breastfeeding+swimming and touching,35 cases)according to the intervention mode,and the observation lasted for 1 month.Gastrointestinal tolerance,growth and development,neurodevelopment and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after birth.Results After birth for 2 weeks and 4 weeks,the milk-taking amount and defecation frequency in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01),and the levels of calorie and albumin were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01),and the amount of residual milk in the stomach was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The body mass of the observation group was significantly heavier than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the head circumference and body length were significantly longer than those of the control group(P<0.01).The total score and each dimension scores(general response,disposing capacity,active muscle tone,passive muscle tone,and primitive reflex)of neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The incidence of adverse events in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions Exclusive breastfeeding combined with swimming and touching for premature infants can increase gastrointestinal tolerance,promote their growth and neurodevelopment,and reduce the incidence of adverse events.