二氧化碳电化学还原用铜基催化剂研究进展

Review of Copper‐Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

随着经济高速发展,对能源的需求持续增加,二氧化碳(CO2)气体的排放量也日益增长。CO2电化学还原(ERC)制备燃料和化学品技术是实现CO2转化利用及可再生能源储存的有效途径。铜(Cu)基催化剂是一类能够以较高效率将CO2直接还原为高附加值化学品(如碳氢化合物)的催化剂,因而是ERC技术的研究重点之一。重点综述了近几年ERC技术用Cu基催化剂的主要研究进展。首先概述了ERC的反应原理及其存在的技术挑战,然后从铜金属催化剂、多金属铜基催化剂、铜氧化物及其衍生催化剂和铜‐有机物复合催化剂方面,讨论了Cu催化剂结构、组成的协同调控策略。此外,还分析了Cu基催化剂的研究进展和仍待解决的问题,最后对该类催化剂的发展方向进行了展望。

With the rapid economic development,the demand for energy continues to increase,and the emission of CO2 gas keep growing.The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(ERC)to fuel and chemicals is an effective way to realize the conversion and utilization of CO2 as well as the storage of renewable energy.Cu‐based catalysts are one of the materials which can directly reduce CO2 to high value‐added chemicals(such as hydrocarbons)with high efficiency.Thus,the Cu‐based catalysts have been one of the research focus of ERC technology research.The main research progress of Cu‐based catalysts for ERC technology in recent years is reviewed.Firstly,reaction principle of ERC and the technology challenge are summarized,and then the cooperative control strategy for the structure and composition of copper‐based catalysts is discussed for monometallic copper‐based catalysts,polymetallic copper‐based catalysts,copper oxide and oxide‐derived copper catalysts,and copper‐organic composite catalysts.In addition,research progress and unsolved problems of Cu‐based catalysts are also summarized.Finally,the future trend these catalysts is also prospected.