高活性小分子果胶对放射性核素内污染的抗放与促排功效评价

Evaluation of anti-radiation and excretion-promoting effects of highly active small molecule pectin on internal contamination with radionuclides

目的探讨高活性小分子果胶对放射性核素内污染的抗放与促排功效。方法共选择雄性昆明小鼠210只,其中60只在辐照前后腹腔注射不同浓度的果胶溶液,统计小鼠存活率,得出有效果胶浓度。选择90只小鼠注射有效浓度的果胶,予以不同剂量辐照,观察小鼠存活率,分析果胶对被辐射小鼠存活率的影响。选择20只小鼠进行果胶抗放实验,检测血常规,取组织进行病理切片,检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)等氧化应激指标,分析果胶对被辐射小鼠的抗辐功效。选择40只小鼠进行核素内污染造模,检测血清肾功能;取组织进行病理切片及铀含量检测,分析果胶对小鼠核素内污染的促排功效。结果在相同辐照剂量下,25 mg/kg果胶组小鼠的最终存活率最高。果胶组MDA水平低于对照组,SOD活力高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。果胶组肾组织有炎性细胞,有一定程度纤维化;骨髓中红细胞明显减少,血管细胞、纤维细胞、骨髓细胞开始再生;肠黏膜形态排列规则,连续性完整,无充血及明显断裂现象。血常规检测结果显示,果胶组单核细胞比例高于对照组,差异具有极显著性统计学意义(P<0.01)。果胶组和DU组肌酐及尿素含量均高于对照组,果胶组肌酐及尿素含量低于DU组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。果胶组肾铀含量低于DU组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高活性小分子果胶能降低小鼠体内肾铀含量,提高氧自由基的清除能力,其可能具有降低体内核素污染与减少核素在肾内蓄积的功效。

Objective To explore the efficacy of anti-radiation and excretion-promoting of highly active small molecule pectin on internal contamination with radionuclides.Methods A total of 210 male Kunming mice were selected,and 60 of which were intraperitoneally injected with pectin solution of different concentrations before and after the irradiation.The survival rate of the mice was counted and the effective pectin concentration was obtained.A total of 90 mice were injected with the effective concentration of pectin and irradiated with different doses to observe the survival rate,and analyze the effect of pectin on the survival rate of the irradiated mice.A total of 20 mice were selected for the pectin anti-radiation experiment.The routine blood test was detected,and the tissues were taken for pathological section.The oxidative stress indicators such as superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected to analyze the anti-radiation effect of pectin on the irradiated mice.A total of 40 mice were selected for modeling internal contamination of radionuclides,the serum renal function was detected.The tissues were taken for pathological section and the uranium content was detected to analyze the excretion-promoting effect of pectin on internal contamination with radionuclides in mice.Results Under the same irradiation dose,the final survival rate of mice injected with pectin of 25 mg/kg was the highest.The MDA level in the pectin group was lower than that in the control group,and the SOD activity was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the pectin group,there were inflammatory cells in the kidney tissue with a certain degree of fibrosis;the red blood cells in the bone marrow were significantly reduced,and the vascular cells,fibroblasts,and bone marrow cells began to regenerate;the intestinal mucosa was arranged regularly with complete continuity,without hyperemia or obvious rapture.The results of routine blood test showed that the proportion of mononuclear cells in the pectin group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was extremely significant(P<0.01).The contents of creatinine and urea in the pectin group and the DU group were higher than those in the control group,and the contents of creatinine and urea in the pectin group were lower than those in the DU group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The renal uranium level in the pectin group was lower than that in the DU group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Highly active small molecule pectin can reduce the renal uranium content in mice and improve the scavenging ability of oxygen free radicals,which might have the effects on decreasing the contamination of radionuclides in the body and reducing the accumulation of radionuclides in the kidney.