社会工程视域下大中小学德育一体化运行机制探析

On the Integrated Operation Mechanism of Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools and Universities from the Perspective of Social Engineering

德育工作作为一项复杂的社会工程,需要实现螺旋式上升、渐进式发展,在社会工程视域下探索大中小学德育一体化运行机制是其关键选择。文章从德育研究者、德育设计者和德育实践者三个角度出发,分别阐述了三者在德育工作中承担的责任、三者之间的异同及联系,以明确社会工程与大中小学德育一体化的内在契合性;分析当前开展大中小学德育一体化工作需要把握的价值观教育规律与学生成长规律相协调、理论教学与实践教学相统一、社会“大思政”与课堂“小思政”相协同和顶层设计与具体实践相呼应的关系;并在社会工程理论的指导下,从筑牢理论根基、强健人才主体、拓宽交流渠道、完善监管机制和优化评价体系这五方面探索走出大中小学德育工作困境的实施路径。

As a sophisticated social engineering,moral education is expected to achieve a spiral and gradual development,and its key point lies in the exploration of the integrated operation mechanism of moral education in primary and secondary schools and universities from the perspective of social engineering.From the angles of moral education researchers,moral education designers and moral education practitioners,this paper respectively explains their responsibilities in moral education and differences,similarities and connections among them,in order to clarify the inner conjunction between social engineering and the integration of moral education in primary and secondary schools and universities.It also analyzes four relationships in the current integration of moral education in primary and secondary schools and universities,which are the coordination of the education law of values with the law of student growth,the integration of theoretical teaching and practical teaching,the coordination of social ideology and politics publicity with school ideological and political education,and the echo of top-level design and specific practice,and explores an implementing approach to get out of the dilemma of moral education in primary and secondary schools and universities under the guidance of social engineering theory from five aspects including building a solid theoretical foundation,cultivating more talents,expanding communication channels,and improving regulatory mechanism while optimizing evaluation system.