基于微波光子倍频与去斜接收的宽带阵列雷达(特邀)

Broadband array radar based on microwave photonic frequency multiplication and de-chirp receiving(Invited)

微波光子雷达利用光子学方法实现雷达信号的产生与处理,具有突出的宽带工作能力,能显著提升雷达距离分辨率。为了提升雷达角度分辨能力并实现灵活波束控制,将微波光子雷达技术与阵列技术相结合是必然的发展趋势。目前研究较多的宽带阵列雷达采用光真延时技术克服宽带波束倾斜问题,通常面临复杂度高、灵活性差、延时精度有限等问题。近年来,基于微波光子倍频与去斜接收的宽带雷达收发架构得到了广泛关注,基于此技术构建的阵列雷达,在实现宽带工作的同时具备实时数字补偿与处理功能,为宽带阵列雷达的发展提供了新的思路。文中针对作者在此方面的最新研究进展进行了综述,在阐明基于微波光子倍频与去斜接收实现宽带雷达收发机理的基础上,介绍了构建宽带相控阵雷达的方法以及实现数字波束扫描与成像的性能。然后,将阵列形式扩展至多输入多输出(MIMO)形式,介绍了基于光波分复用技术实现宽带微波光子MIMO雷达的方法,并分析了微波光子MIMO雷达在目标探测与成像方面的性能。

Microwave photonic radar enables the generation and processing of broadband radar signals,which can significantly improve the range resolution of the radar system.To improve the radar angle resolution and realize flexible beam control,combining microwave photonic radar technology with array radar technology is an inevitable development trend.Previously,the optical truth delay technology is intensively investigated to achieve squint-free beam steering in broadband phased array radars,which usually face the problems of high complexity,poor flexibility,and limited delay accuracy.In recent years,the broadband radar architecture based on microwave photonic frequency multiplication and de-chirp receiving has received extensive attention.The array radar constructed based on this technology has wide operation bandwidth while enabling real-time digital compensation and processing functions,which provides a new idea for the development of broadband array radars.In this paper,the research progress of the broadband array radar based on microwave photonic frequency multiplication and dechirp processing was reviewed.After expounding the transceiver mechanism of microwave photonic broadband radar,the method for constructing broadband phased array radar and the performance of digital beam scanning and imaging were introduced.Then,the radar array was extended to MIMO architecture.The broadband microwave photonic MIMO radar based on optical wavelength division multiplexing technology was introduced and its performance in target detection and imaging was analyzed.