携菌新型生物质基材用于微污染水体治理

Biomass Substrate Carrying Bacteria for Treatment of Micro-polluted River Water

针对河道微污染水,以农林秸秆生物质发电后的废料制成的生物质基材为填料,将异养硝化菌Pseudomonas固定于其中,采用人工湿地模拟装置考察携菌生物质基材对微污染河道水体的处理效果,并与火山岩进行比较;借助高通量测序技术对生物膜的微生物群落进行解析,最后将携菌生物质基材应用于河道净化工程中。结果表明:携菌生物质基材对进水COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TP的去除率分别达到81.0%、98.2%、96.7%,其除污效果及稳定性均优于火山岩。生物质基材的微生物群落结构以Alphaproteobacteria菌属(36%)和Pseudomonas菌属(13%)为主,表明生物质基材携带增效菌种Pseudomonas后在脱氮方面有较大优势。将携菌生物质基材应用于处理量为150 m^(3)/d的城市内河点源污染治理工程,携菌生物质基材可进一步稳定去除传统AO装置尾水中的COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP,出水水质可达到地表Ⅳ类水标准,且生物质基材所携带Pseudomonas仍占据一定比例(0.65%)。

For micro-polluted river water,heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas was immobilized in the biomass substrate made from the waste of agricultural and forestry straw biomass power generation.The treatment effect of biomass substrate carrying bacteria on micro-polluted river water was investigated by constructed wetland device,and compared with volcanic rock.The microbial community of biofilm was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.And then biomass substrate carrying bacteria was used in river purification project.The results showed that the removal rates of COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP of influent water with biomass substrate carrying bacteria were 81.0%,98.2%and 96.7%respectively,and the removal rate of pollutants and stability were better than those of volcanic rocks.In the microbial community structure,Alphaproteobacteria(36%)and Pseudomonas(13%)were dominant in biomass substrate,which indicated that biomass substrate carrying Pseudomonas had a greater advantage in nitrogen removal.The bacteria-carrying biomass substrate was applied in the treatment project of urban rivers with a treatment capacity of 150 m^(3)/d.COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP in the tail water of the traditional AO proces could be further removed stably by biomass substrate carrying bacteria.The water quality of the main river met the classⅣsurface water standard,and the proportion of Pseudomonas carried by the biomass substrate still accounted for 0.65%.