霉变饲料对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能及组织形态的影响

Effect of moldy feed on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and histological morphology of broilers

试验研究霉变饲料对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力及肠道、肝脏、心脏组织形态的影响。选取1日龄艾维因肉鸡180只,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只肉鸡。试验期42 d。对照组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组肉鸡饲喂由自然霉变原料配制的日粮。结果显示,从第2 w开始,霉变饲料组肉鸡末重、周采食量、周增重均显著下降(P<0.05),料重比显著提高(P<0.05),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著下降(P<0.05)。第3周起,霉变饲料组肉鸡血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加(P<0.05)。第1 w,肉鸡的肝脏、肠道、心脏出现组织病理学变化。随着日龄增长,组织病理学损伤逐渐加剧。研究表明,霉变饲料同时含有多种霉菌毒素,多种霉菌毒素同时存在对肉鸡产生的危害随着日龄的增长而逐渐加剧。

The experiment studied the effect of moldy feed on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and morphology of intestine, liver and heart of broilers. 180 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into two groups with six replicates in each group and 15 broilers in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 42 d. The broilers in control group were fed with basal diet, and broilers in test group were fed with diets made up of natural moldy raw materials. The results showed that from the 2 nd week, the final body weight, week feed intake and week body weight gain of broilers in moldy feed group decreased significantly(P<0.05), feed gain ratio increased significantly(P<0.05), and serum SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC decreased significantly(P<0.05). The serum MDA in moldy feed group increased significantly from the 3 rd week(P<0.05). The liver, gut and heart of broilers showed histopathological changes from the 1 st week, and the histopathology injury increased as the days of age increasing. The experiment indicates that moldy feed contained several mycotoxins, and the harm of several mycotoxins to broilers increases with the increasing of age.