叶片形式对旋流泵性能的影响

Influence of blade types on the performance of vortex pump

旋流泵因其具有无堵塞的优点而在疏浚清淤工程得以广泛应用。叶片是旋流泵的关键部件,改变叶片形式会引起旋流泵内部流场发生截然不同的变化,从而改变旋流泵性能。本文针对直叶片、后弯叶片、前弯叶片和双向倾斜叶片4种叶片形式,通过数值模拟手段,研究了不同叶片形式对旋流泵扬程、功率和效率等性能参数的影响。研究表明,泵叶腔内流体由后弯叶片所获得的速度较小,向无叶腔流体传递的能量较少,而在这种传递过程中,后弯叶片所产生的漩涡强度和范围却远远高于其它3种叶轮,故采用后弯叶轮的旋流泵扬程、轴功率和效率均为最低。而采用直叶片形式可以使旋流泵获得最大效率。本文研究可以为旋流泵的叶片设计提供参考。

Vortex pumps is widely used in dredging projects due to its non-clogging advantages.The blade is a key component of vortex pumps.Blade types give rise to significant changes in the internal flow field of vortex pumps,and further change pump performance.The effects of different blade types on the performance parameters such as head,power and efficiency of vortex pumps are studied by numerical simulation methods.Four types of blades,i.e.,straight,back-bent,forward-bent and two-way inclined blades,are studied.Studies show that the speed of the fluid in the pump cavity obtained by the back-bend blade is lower,and the energy transferred to the fluid is therefore less.In this transfer process,the vortex intensity and range generated by the backbent blade are far higher than those generated by other three blade types.Therefore,the vortex pump with back-bent blade has the lowest head,shaft power and efficiency.The maximum efficiency can be obtained when forward-bent blades are adopted.This study can provide some reference for blade selection of vortex pumps.