基于老年人视角公园声景四季变化研究--以南昌市人民公园为例

A Study on the Seasonal Variations of the Soundscape of the Park from the Perspective of the Elderly:Taking the Nanchang People's Park as an Example

文章通过四季时间序列声学测量,采用SPL量化法和频谱分析法,揭示基于老年人视角下的城市公园声景四季变化规律。在南昌市人民公园,在利用声级计探究四季SPL趋势的基础上,再用LMS Test.Lab提取11个声学指标深入探究频谱变化规律。研究发现:公园四季声景SPL均在时间9:00~9:30达到最大值,其中夏季声景SPL水平高于其他季节,但春秋季声景SPL波动最大,冬季波动最小;8个声学指标均与声景四季变化有关,并在中低频段四季声压级均能达到最大值。声景季节变化符合实际,望为城市公园声景营造提供有效理论依据。

Through the acoustic measurement of the four seasons time series,using the SPL quantification method and the spectrum analysis method,the paper reveals the four seasons of the urban park soundscape based on the perspective of the elderly.In Nanchang People's Park,the frequency spectrum change rule was deeply explored and the SPL trend of four seasons was explored by sound level meter,then 11 acoustic indexes were extracted by LMS Test.Lab.The research showed that in the four seasons of the park,the SPL reaches its maximum value between 9:00am and 9:30am.In summer,the SPL level is higher than that of other seasons,but in spring and autumn,it fluctuates the most,while in winter,it fluctuates the least.All the 8 acoustic indexes are related to the seasonal variation of soundscape,and can reach the maximum value in the middle and low frequency band.The seasonal variation of soundscape conforms to the reality and provides effective theoretical basis for the construction of soundscape in urban parks.