大亚湾西部海域中国毛虾种群动态变化及其对环境要素的响应

Population dynamics of Acetes chinensis and its response to environmental factors in western Daya Bay

本研究依据2016年12月至2017年2月和2017年12月至2018年3月的每月上、中、下旬在大亚湾西部海域进行的5条拖网测线的中国毛虾(Acetes chinensis)调查,以及2016年10—12月浮游植物光合色素的调查,分析了中国毛虾的种群动态变化及其对主要环境因子的响应。结果表明:中国毛虾总个体密度在L2和L3测线的平均值与L1测线无明显差异,但均略高于L4和L5测线。中国毛虾个体密度基本都是在1—2月达到最高值,个体密度与温度并无明显相关性,不存在温度聚集效应,可能因为较高的浮游植物生物量为中国毛虾提供丰富的食物,使中国毛虾出现较高的个体密度。中国毛虾个体大小组成从12月份至2月份呈现小型-中型-大型占优势的转化,当温度下降时,大型个体更易成为主要优势,可能是毛虾个体自身的生长使得种群中大型个体增多,以及寒潮降温引起的藻类大量繁殖为毛虾提供了大量饵料有关,从而使其能够较为快速地生长成为较大个体。

In this study,the population dynamics of Acetes chinensis and major environmental factors were analyzed using data obtained in the early,middle and late months in the western Daya Bay from December 2016 to February 2017 and from December 2017 to March 2018.The results showed that the average density of A.chinensis differed insignificantly among transects L2,L3 and L1 while they were slightly higher than those from the transects L4 and L5.Besides,the density reached the maximum in January and February.There was little significant correlation between the density and temperature indicating that there was no evidence of temperature aggregation.It suggests that the dense phytoplankton population,particularly diatoms,encourage the growth because of food avalable.From December to February,A.chinensis body size turns larger from small and medium sizes.Thus,the larger individuals are more likely dominating the populations with decreasing temperature since the growth of A.chinensis and the algal blooms in the coldest season provided plenty food for the rapid growth of larger A.chinensis.