中小学校传染病预防与控制的有效方法

Effective Methods for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Primary and Secondary Schools

为探讨学校传染病及聚集疫情防控的有效措施,本文选取某新建九年一贯制(包含中、小学)学校全体学生作为研究对象,统计四个学年第一学期传染性疾病及聚集疫情发生情况、具体传染病类型、具体聚集疫情类型。研究发现2020~2021年的传染病发生率为0.50%,明显低于2019~2020年发生率1.37%、2018~2019年发生率1.36%、2017~2018年发生率1.34%,组间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。2020~2021年的聚集疫情发生率为0%,明显低于2019~2020年发生率0.26%、2018~2019年发生率0.24%、2017~2018年发生率0.45%,组间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。聚集疫情具体类型总计:聚集疫情出现发热症状较为普遍,总计发生率(0.18%)远高于手足口病(0.02%),存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。因此学校传染病防控工作的有效开展及落实对于疫情防控有着重要意义,能够有效降低传染病及聚集疫情发生率。

In order to explore effective measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and cluster epidemics in schools,this article selects all students in a newly built nine-year consistent school(including primary and secondary schools)as the research objects,and counts the occurrence of infectious diseases and cluster epidemics in the first semester of four school years,specific types of infectious diseases,specific types of aggregated epidemics.The study found that the incidence of infectious diseases from 2020~2021 is 0.50%,which is significantly lower than the incidence of 1.37%from 2019~2020,the incidence of 1.36%from 2018~2019,and the incidence of 1.34%from 2017~2018.There are statistical differences between groups(P<0.05).The incidence of clustered epidemics from 2020~2021 is 0%,which is significantly lower than the incidence of 0.26%from 2019~2020,0.24%from 2018~2019,and 0.45%from 2017~2018.There are statistical differences between groups(P<0.05).The total specific types of clustered epidemics:fever symptoms are more common in clustered epidemics,and the total incidence(0.18%)is much higher than that of hand,foot and mouth disease(0.02%),and there is a statistical difference(P<0.05).Therefore,the effective development and implementation of school infectious disease prevention and control work is of great significance to epidemic prevention and control,and can effectively reduce the incidence of infectious diseases and cluster epidemics.