2017-2019年甘肃省露天采矿点土地利用变化探究

Research on land use change of open-pit mining in Gansu province from 2017 to 2019

近年来我国坚持贯彻生态优先、绿色发展之路,而露天采矿容易引发地表破坏、环境污染等问题,如何对露天采矿实施有效的监测,对于提高矿政管理水平和加强生态环境保护至关重要。本文基于地理国情监测数据、第三次国土调查影像和近期国产卫星影像等多源的数据,采用FME(Feature Manipulate Engine)+ArcGIS的技术架构,形成了一种大范围、多矿点的快速监测露天采矿点的方法,对2017—2019年甘肃省露天采矿点土地利用变化情况进行了监测。研究结果显示该方法能够实现变化露天矿点的快速定位,提取相应的地表覆盖图斑,并根据地表覆盖的变化反映出露天矿点的土地利用变化状况,结合不同期的遥感影像直观、全面地展示变化情况。此方法可为矿山的监督管理和绿色可持续发展提供技术支撑。

In recent years,China adheres to the road of ecological priority and green development,but the open-pit mining is prone to cause surface damage,environmental pollution and other issues.How to implement effective monitor of open-pit mining is very important to improve the level of mining administration and environmental protection.Based on multi-source data such as geographic national conditions monitoring,the third national land survey image and recent domestic images,this paper adopts the technical architecture of FME(Feature Manipulate Engine)+ArcGIS to form a method of large-scale,rapid monitoring of open-pit mining sites.The method is applied to monitor open-pit mines in Gansu province from 2017 to 2019.The results show that the method realizes the rapid positioning of the changed open-pit mining points,and extracts the land coverage of the changed open-pit mining points.The changes in the land coverage reflect the land use changes of the open-pit mining points,and combines with the remote sensing images of different periods,which shows the changes in a comprehensive way.This method can provide technical support for management of mines and realizing the green and sustainable development of mines.