平安时期日本汉文中“所”字用法

The Usage of the Character“所”in Japanese Kambun during the Heian Period

“所”字在平安时期日本汉文中的使用分为“所”字结构和非“所”字结构两种情况。“所”字结构是“所”字在日本汉文中继承古汉语的用法,非“所”字结构是“所”字在日本汉文中发生的异变。即使是“所”字结构在日本汉文中同样存在异变,如“所V”形式失去了古汉语中“所”指代宾语的功能,变成句子结束的标志。非“所”字结构中,受日语“ところ”语法功能的影响,出现了区别于汉语“所V”结构的“V所”结构。“所”字在日本汉文中发生如此巨大的变化是汉日语言接触所带来的结果。

There were 2 ways of the Chinese character“所”in Japanese kambun in the Heian period.The Chinese character“所”structure in Japanese kambun inherits the usage of the character“所”in ancient Chinese language and the structure without the character“所”is the variation of the usage of“所”in Japanese kambun.The structure of the character“所”in Japanese also has a variation,for example,the form of“所+V”in Japanese has lost the function of referring to objective in ancient Chinese and has become a sign of the end of a sentence.The structure without the character“所”e,under the influence of the Japanese“ところ”grammar,emerges a“V+所”structure differing from the Chinese“所+V”structure.The great change of the character“所”in Japanese kambun is the result of contact between Chinese and Japanese.