广州市小学生心肺复苏知识掌握现状调查及培训效果

Status quo and training effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge among primary school students in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市小学生对心肺复苏知识的认知和掌握情况,探讨心肺复苏培训的干预效果。方法于2019年4月22—26日便利选取广州市某小学238名学生作为研究对象,2019年3月(培训前)采用自制问卷对其进行心肺复苏知识调查,根据调查结果制订心肺复苏培训方法及内容。每次培训完当天再次开展知识调查,对培训效果进行评估。结果培训前,221名小学生对只按压不实施人工呼吸、急救电话、胸外按压位置、按压速度、按压深度问题回答正确率分别为6.3%、95.0%、89.6%、24.4%、24.0%,培训后233名小学生回答正确率分别为59.2%、99.6%、99.6%、63.5%、70.0%,培训后正确率高于培训前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。培训前后,认为有必要学习心肺复苏、愿意对陌生人实施心肺复苏的学生比例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论未经心肺复苏培训的广州市小学生心肺复苏知识和技能的掌握程度低下,建议学校及各级教育部门重视急救技能的宣传与培训,制订适合小学生身心特点的培训方案,提高学生的自救与互救能力。

Objective To investigate the cognition and knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)among primary school students in Guangzhou and to explore the intervention effect of CPR training.Methods A total of 238 students from a primary school in Guangzhou were selected as the research subjects from April 22 to 26,2019.In March 2019(before the training),a self-made questionnaire was used to conduct a knowledge survey on CPR,and the training methods and contents of CPR were formulated according to the survey results.Knowledge survey was carried out again on the day after every training,and the training effect was evaluated.Results Before the training,the correct answer rates of 221 elementary school students to the questions about compression only without artificial respiration,emergency call,external chest compression position,compression speed and compression depth were 6.3%,95.0%,89.6%,24.4%,and 24.0%,respectively.After the training,the correct answer rates of 233 primary school students were 59.2%,99.6%,99.6%,63.5%and 70.0%,respectively.The correct rates after training were higher than those before training,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before and after the training,there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of students who thought it necessary to learn CPR and were willing to perform CPR on strangers(P>0.05).Conclusions The knowledge and skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of primary school students in Guangzhou without cardiopulmonary resuscitation training are low.It is recommended that schools and education departments at all levels pay attention to the promotion and training of first aid skills,formulate training programs suitable for the physical and mental characteristics of primary school students and improve students'self-help and mutual rescue capabilities.