少数民族地区普通话口音对听者态度和行为的影响

The Influence of Mandarin Accent on the Listener’s Attitudes and Behaviors in Ethnic Minority Areas

少数民族地区学生普通话水平参差不齐,甚至带有严重口音。明确规范使用国家通用语言的个体意义,有助于增强人们说好普通话的动机和动力。研究从个体层面探究口音给说话人带来的负面影响。本研究录制壮普(壮语口音的普通话)版、南普(南宁市普通话)版、标普(标准普通话)版的《桂林山水》(节选)作为实验材料,采用说话人态度量表(Speech Evaluation Instrument,SEI)、游戏搭档选择任务和网络投球游戏(Cyberball Game)考察听者对口音说话人的态度和行为。结果表明:(1)相比标准普通话者,人们会更消极评价带口音普通话者;(2) 77.54%的被试倾向于选择标准普通话者作为游戏搭档;(3)听者在游戏中会更少传球给口音普通话者。这说明口音不仅有碍沟通交流,而且会消极影响他人对说话人的态度评价和行为。对此,需要增强民族地区学生学习普通话的动机、重视民族地区儿童的早期国家通用语言教育、提倡民汉合班,以提升民族地区的普通话水平。

Students in ethnic areas have uneven Putonghua proficiency,and even some with a strong accent. Clarifying the personal significance in using the national lingua franca can help to enhance student’s motivation to speak Putonghua well. Therefore,this study explored the negative effects of an accent on the speaker from a personal perspective. The recordings of Guilin Landscape(excerpts) in Zhuangpu(Putonghua with Zhuang accent),Nanpu(Nanning Putonghua) and Biaopu(Standard Putonghua) were used as experiment materials. The Speech Evaluation Instrument(SEl),partner selection task,and cyberball game were adopted to investigate the listener’s attitude and behavior towards the accented speaker. According to the research results,this paper proposed some countermeasures,such as strengthening the motivation of students to learn Putonghua,paying attention to the early language education of children in ethnic areas, and advocating the integration of ethnic and Han students in classes so as to improve the level of Putonghua in ethnic areas.