从暗合到皈依:吕振羽马克思主义人民自治观的形成

From Coincidences to Conversion:The Formation of Lü Zhen-yu’s Viewpoints of Marxist People’s Autonomy

吕振羽"乡村自治观"的形成可分为两个不同阶段。在《村治月刊》时期,吕振羽对于乡村自治的理念与制度设计既异于三民主义的地方自治理论,也与同期的村治派不同。他认为实施乡村自治是现代民权政治的要求、乡村自治应当以"村"为基本单位、乡村自治须重视权利保障,从而与马克思主义的人民自治理论相暗合。在《三民半月刊》时期,吕振羽始用马克思主义的唯物史观和阶级分析方法来观察和研究彼时中国的农村问题,并对乡村自治论题作重新阐发。他主张实现农村自治应以解决农村经济问题为前提、农村自治本质上是农民问题。这可视为他对马克思主义人民自治理论的皈依以及将其与中国具体实践相结合的阐释。

It can be divided into two stages of the formation of Lü Zhen-yu’s viewpoints for rural autonomy. When he was the chief editor of Rural Governance Monthly,his concepts and system design of rural autonomy were different from not only the autonomy theory of the Three Principles of People but also the"village autonomy"group at the same time. By recognizing rural autonomy as the requirement of modern civil rights politics,taking village as the basic units of autonomy and emphasizing rights protection in rural autonomy,his viewpoints coincided with the theory of Marxist people’s autonomy. It was not until his edit of Three Principle of People Semimonthly that he started to research and observe the rural issues of China with Marxist method of class analysis and historical materialism. This paper interpreted the thesis of rural autonomy,arguing that the realization of rural autonomy should be based on the solution of rural economic problems and the essence of rural autonomy is the peasant’s issues. This could be regarded as his conversion to the theory of Marxist people’s autonomy as well as the interpretation based on the combination of the theory and specific practices of China.