苏联科学院化学物理研究所与苏联核计划

The Institute of Chemical Physics of the Soviet Academy of Sciences and Soviet Nuclear Program

苏联科学院化学物理研究所是伟大卫国战争前最早开始研究核武器制造问题的科研机构,并取得了一系列开创性的理论和实验成果。随着国家核计划的正式启动,化学物理研究所作为原子弹研制工作的主要组织者和参与者之一,承担了原子弹理论设计、核链式反应和核爆炸理论研究、制订核爆炸物理过程记录方法、研制核爆炸专用记录仪器等重要工作,为苏联首颗原子弹的成功试爆作出了重大贡献。苏联成为核大国,化学物理研究所在其中发挥了关键作用。

The Institute of Chemical Physics of the Soviet Academy of Sciences was the first scientific research institution that began to study nuclear weapons manufacturing before the Great Patriotic War,and achieved a series of ground breaking theoretical and experimental results. With the official launch of the Soviet Nuclear Program,the Institute of Chemical Physics,as one of the main organizers and participants in the development of atomic bombs,has undertaken many important tasks,including the theoretical design of atomic bombs,theoretical research of nuclear chain reaction and detonation,formulating methods for recording the physical process of nuclear detonation and developing special recording instruments for nuclear detonation etc.,and made a tremendous contribution to the successful test of the first Soviet atomic bomb.The Soviet Union was able to become a Nuclear Power,the Institute of Chemical Physics played a significant role in it.