泰山景区不同林型空气颗粒物浓度研究

Study on Ambient Particulate Matter Concentration of Different Forest Types in Mountain Tai Scenic Area

为研究泰山景区不同林分的康养效果,以泰山景区刺槐林、油松林和以桃和板栗为主的经济林3种典型林型为研究对象,对林内TSP、PM10、PM2.5和PM14种颗粒物浓度进行测定,分析不同林型对颗粒物浓度的影响。结果表明:(1)不同林型在8:00—18:00内4种粒径的颗粒物浓度日变化整体趋势基本相同,变化曲线均呈现上午高下午低的“V型”趋势,且低谷值出现于14:00左右,其中粗颗粒浓度的低谷时间早于细颗粒物浓度;(2)8:00—18:00各林型颗粒物浓度均达到国家二级标准,各林型不同粒径颗粒物削减率为油松林>刺槐林>经济林;(3)颗粒物所占比例与该林分的颗粒物浓度之间相关性不大,不同林分之间的颗粒物所占比例无显著性差异;(4)颗粒物浓度变化受气候因素的影响,颗粒物浓度与温度、风速呈显著负相关,与湿度呈正相关。在泰山景区森林的建设管理规划中,可适当增加油松等常绿针叶树种比例,以充分利用其较好的颗粒物阻隔能力,这对行人游憩环境的改善、康养效果的提升具有一定作用。

The paper aims to study the health effects of different forest types in Mountain Tai. The concentrations of TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 in Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest and economic forest dominated by Amygdalus persica and Castanea mollissima in Mountain Tai Scenic Area were measured, and the effects of different forest types on particulate matter were analyzed. The results show that:(1) the diurnal variation trend of particulate matter concentration of four kinds of particle sizes in different forest types are basically the same in the period of 8:00-18:00, the variation curve presents a‘V’trend of high in the morning and low in the afternoon, the trough time of coarse particle concentration is earlier than that of fine particle concentration;(2) in the period of 8:00-18:00, the concentration of particulate matter of all forest types could reach the national second level standard;(3) there is no significant correlation between the proportion of particulate matter and the concentration of particulate matter in the stand, and there is no significant difference in the proportion of particulate matter among different stands;(4) the change of particulate matter concentration is affected by climate factors, the particulate matter concentration is negatively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and positively correlated with humidity. The proportion of evergreen conifer species such as Pinus tabulaeformis can be appropriately increased in the forest construction and management planning of Mountain Tai Scenic Area, so as to make full use of its better particulate matter barrier ability, which could play an important role in improving the pedestrian recreation environment and enhancing the health care.