酸枣仁汤通过影响脑、心、肝脏腑功能治疗失眠的研究进展

Suanzaoren Tang Treats Insomnia by Affecting Brain,Heart,and Liver Functions:A Review

睡眠问题一直受到世界医药学界的广泛关注。一方面,睡眠不足会对人体多种器官造成损伤,与多种疾病的发生有关;另一方面,人体不同器官发生病变也是引发或加重失眠的因素之一。中医各家治疗失眠及其并发症时会注意脑心同调,治疗失眠是也多从五脏论治,且与心、肝的关系尤为密切。随着年龄的增长,睡眠时间和睡眠结构都会产生变化。相较于年轻人,老年人更易出现失眠,且更容易合并并发症。血亏阴虚型失眠是中医临床老年失眠的常见证型。酸枣仁汤是养血安神的经典名方,是治疗"虚劳虚烦不得眠"之要剂,有养肝血以宁心安神,清内热以除虚烦的功效,对于老年人气血不足,营卫之气运行失常所致的失眠有较好的疗效,且对失眠与心脑血管疾病共病也有一定的治疗作用。该文从睡眠剥夺对脑、心、肝的损伤;酸枣仁汤对脑、心、肝的影响作用;抑制睡眠剥夺是从脏器的损伤调节能量代谢等方面探讨酸枣仁汤发挥镇静催眠的作用机制,以期为酸枣仁汤治疗睡眠障碍等疾病提供新的思路和方向。

Sleep has been widely concerned by the medical field all over the world. Sleep deprivation can cause damage to organs of the human body,which is related to the occurrence of a variety of diseases.Besides,the pathological change in different organs of the human body is also a key factor that causes or aggravates insomnia. When treating insomnia and its complications, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)focuses on the homology of the brain and heart,and insomnia is mainly treated from the five internal organs,especially the heart and liver. Sleep duration and structure change with age. The prevalence of insomnia is higher in older individuals susceptible to complications than in the younger population. In TCM,insomnia of blood deficiency and Yin deficiency is common among the elderly. Suanzaoren Tang is a classic prescription for nourishing blood and calming the mind and it is critical in the treatment of "sleeplessness due to consumptive disease and dysphoria",with the effects of nourishing liver blood to calm the mind and clearing internal heat to relieve dysphoria. It has good efficacy on the insomnia of the elderly caused by deficiency of Qi and blood and abnormal operation of nutrient Qi and defense Qi. Furthermore,it also shows a certain therapeutic effect on insomnia combined with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The present study revealed the damage to the brain,heart,and liver caused by sleep deprivation and the effect of Suanzaoren Tang on the brain,heart,and liver,and clarified the facts that Suanzaoren Tang inhibited the damage to organs caused by sleep deprivation and regulated energy metabolism,thereby exploring the sedative and hypnotic mechanism of Suanzaoren Tang to provide new ideas for Suanzaoren Tang in the treatment of sleep disorders and other diseases.