文学抵抗与“文学统战”——1957年中野重治的中国之旅再探

The Resistance and United Front in Literature:Revisiting Nakano Shigeharu’s Journey to China in 1957

中野重治1957年的"中国之旅",是在美苏冷战、日美结盟、日本共产党接连遭受重挫的政治和文化语境下,展开的一次非比寻常的"文学之旅"。在此行的副产品《中国之旅》中,中野反复强调中苏间密切合作的良好态势,执着于驳斥、纠正同时代中国论者中与其认知相左的观点,呼吁文学家以文学的方式建立起反岸信介政府的统一战线。从这个意义上来说,此次中国之旅实质上是中日两国左翼力量联合进行的一次跨国"政治统战"。中野的"中国叙事"中既包含着冷战背景下文人式的政治想象,又彰显了欲以文学介入、改善中日关系时局之意图。同时,通过对战前-战中-战后的关联性考察,我们会发现,中野所构建的实则是一种经由"内在于我的苏联"滤镜下的中国形象。

Nakano Shigeharu’s"China Journey"in 1957 was an extraordinary"literary journey"under the political and cultural context of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union,the alliance between Japan and the United States,and the successive setbacks of the Japanese Communist Party.In the by-product of this trip,"A Journey to China",Nakano has repeatedly emphasized the good momentum of close cooperation between China and the Soviet Union,insisting on refuting and correcting contemporaneous China critics’views that were at odds with their perceptions,and calling on writers to establish a literary approach to stand against the regime of Kishi Nobusuke through the means of literature.In this sense,this journey to China is essentially a transnational"political united battle"conducted jointly by the left-wing forces of China and Japan.Nakano’s"Chinese Narrative"not only contains the humanistic political imagination in the context of the Cold War,but also demonstrates the intention to intervene and improve the current situation between China and Japan.Meanwhile,through a relevant research on the whole process of war development.It is also observed that what Nakano had constructed was actually an image of China through the filter of"The Soviet Union in me".