自我分化与大学生经验回避:羞怯的中介作用及其性别差异

Self-differentiation and College Students’ Experiential Avoidance:Mediating Effect of Shyness and Its Gender Difference

以往研究表明,个体的自我分化程度会对其经验回避水平产生作用,但鲜有研究对两者之间的关系机制进行探索。本研究探讨了自我分化与大学生经验回避的关系,并提出一个有调节的中介模型,重点考察羞怯的中介作用和性别的调节作用。选取南京市9所高校一至四年级共970名不同专业的大学生为被试,采用问卷法对自我分化,经验回避以及羞怯进行调查。结果表明:(1)大学生自我分化与经验回避以及羞怯显著负相关,羞怯与经验回避呈显著正相关;(2)自我分化不仅能直接预测大学生的经验回避,还能通过羞怯的中介作用间接预测经验回避;(3)羞怯的中介作用受到性别的调节,大学生自我分化对羞怯和经验回避的作用在男生和女生样本中均达到显著水平,相对于女生,该效应对男生的作用更加突出。但在大学生羞怯对经验回避的作用方面则表现出与之相反的模式,与男生相比,女生羞怯对经验回避的作用显著增加。

Substantial literature has documented the important effect of self-differentiation on individuals’ experiential avoidance. However,there exists scanty research on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between selfdifferentiation and college students’ experiential avoidance. This study constructs a moderated mediation model to examine whether shyness mediated the relation between self-differentiation and experiential avoidance among college students,and whether this mediating process was moderated by gender. A total of 970 college students were selected,and completed differentiation of self inventory,shyness scale and acceptance and action questionnaire. The results indicated that:( 1) Shyness and experiential avoidance were both negatively correlated with self-differentiation in college students. But shyness was positively correlated with experiential avoidance;( 2) Self-differentiation could not only directly predict college students’ experiential avoidance,but also indirectly predict experiential avoidance through the shyness;( 3) Gender moderated the mediation effect of shyness. Specifically,the effects of self-differentiation on shyness and experiential avoidance on both male and female samples have reached the significant level,compared with female college students,the effects of self-differentiation on shyness and experiential avoidance were much stronger among male college students. While the effect of shyness on experiential avoidance was much stronger among female college students than among male college students.