2019年秋冬季青岛市儿童肺炎患者呼吸道病原感染情况分析

Analysis of respiratory tract infection in children with pneumonia in autumn and winter of 2019 in Qingdao

目的分析2019年青岛市秋冬季节儿童肺炎病例中病原的流行病学特征和混合感染情况。方法对2019年8月至11月青岛市3家医院治疗的77例肺炎患儿为研究对象,采集咽拭子,核酸提取,采用单管多重PCR反应检测20种常见呼吸道病原体。结果77例肺炎患者中,白细胞偏高29例(38.10%);中性粒细胞偏高16例(20.77%);淋巴细胞偏高30例(38.96%);病原检出率为77.92%(60/77),肺炎支原体(MP)感染为59.74%(46/77),博卡病毒10.39%(8/77),腺病毒为7.79%(6/77),鼻/肠病毒为3.89%(3/77),副流感4型为3.89%(3/77),百日咳鲍特菌为3.89%(3/77),副流感2型为2.59%(2/77),冠状病毒NL63/HKU1为2.59%(2/77),冠状病毒OC43为2.59%(2/77),人偏肺病毒为1.29%(1/77),副流感3型为1.29%(1/77)。病毒感染24例,占比31.16%(24/77)。两种病原混合感染为18.18%。结论多种病原感染引起2019年秋冬季青岛儿童肺炎,其中肺炎支原体感染率较高,其次为常见病毒感染,混合感染的病例较高。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and co-infections of pathogens in children with pneumonia in autumn and winter of 2019 in Qingdao.Methods From August to November in 2019,77 children with pneumonia in three hospitals in Qingdao were selected as the research subjects.Throat swabs were collected,nucleic acid was extracted,and 20 common respiratory pathogens were detected by single tube multiplex PCR.Results Among the 77 cases,the incidence of pneumonia in boys(53.2%)was slightly higher than that in girls(46.7%).Children aged 1-2 years accounted for 10.3%of the total cases,children aged 3-6 years accounted for 61%,and children aged 7-13 years accounted for 20.7%.Twenty-nine cases(38.10%)had high white blood cells;16 cases(20.77%)had high neutrophil count;30 cases(38.96%)had high lymphocyte count;the pathogen detection rate was 77.92%of cases,among whom Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)was 59.74%,Bocavirus was 10.39%(8/77),adenovirus was 7.79%(6/77),rhinovirus was 3.89%(3/77),parainfluenza virus type 4 was 3.89%(3/77),Bordetella pertussis was 3.89%(3/77),parainfluenza virus type 2 was 22.59%(2/77),coronavirus nl63/hku1 was 2.59%(2/77),coronavirus OC43 was 2.59%(2/77),human metapneumovirus was 1.29%(1/77),Parainfluenza virus type 3 was 1.29%(1/77).The 24 cases of virus infection accounted for 31.16%(24/77).The co-infection with two pathogens accounted for 18.18%.Conclusions Many kinds of pathogens were detected in children with pneumonia in autumn and winter of 2019,in Qingdao.The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was the highest.Many common viral infections were found in the cases.A high proportion of co-infection was detected in these pneumonia cases.