马来西亚海南会馆天后宫“二合一”形制的历史渊源

The Historical Origin of the"Two-in-one"Form of the Tianhou Palace in the Malaysian Hainan Guild Hall

研究东南亚华人的民俗文化,需探其在地化变迁,也得有“纵向寻根”的观察视角。本文从文献之解读,以及新马海南人的祖籍地(中国海南岛)之纵向寻根採源,做多面向的探察,论证马来西亚海南会馆与天后宫“馆宫二合一”的形制并不是新马海南会馆才独有的特征。它不是新马海南“在地化”的产物,而是清代闽粤渡海商人来海南岛创建的经商和联谊性的会馆形制的海外延伸。

To study the folk culture of the Chinese in Southeast Asia,we need to explore the changes in their localization,and we must also have the perspective of“longitudinal roots”.This article analyzes the literature and traces the roots of the ancestral home of the Hainanese in Singapore and Malaysia(Hainan Island,China),conducts a multi-faceted investigation to prove that the “two-in-one”form of the Malaysian Hainan Guild Hall and Tianhou Palace is not unique to the Xinma Hainan Guild Hall.It is not a product of the localization of Xinma Hainan,but an overseas extension of the business and social clubs created by merchants from Fiijian and Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty to Hainan island.