热湿气候盆地区域民居不同尺度中庭夏季热环境实测与分析

Measurement and Analysis of Summer Thermal Environment in the Atrium of Traditional Houses with Different Shapes of Atrium in the Basin Region with Hot and Humid Climate

适宜尺度的中庭可以起到缓解夏季室外炎热气候影响的作用。为掌握地处热湿气候盆地区域中不同尺度中庭的热环境状况以及为该地区的中庭尺度设计提供参考,以广西东南部传统村落为对象,测绘了20栋民居的中庭,并在夏季典型晴天日选取不同尺度的中庭进行热环境实测,根据测试结果分析不同尺度中庭空间的热环境分布状况。将实测期间的空气温湿度等数据作为计算条件,采用Ecotect软件分析了各中庭夏季的气候适应性状况。基于上述实测和分析结果得到了适应于热湿气候盆地区域的中庭尺度模型,即中庭尺度的宽高比小于1∶1且进深宽度小于3 m,并对该区域中庭的热舒适改善提出建议。

The atrium with suitable scale can effectively modify the atrium thermal environment during the summer in the hot-humid climate.In order to understand the thermal environment of atriums with different scales in the hot-humid climate,a field study was conducted in the traditional villages in Southeast Guangxi.Taking the atriums in 20 traditional houses as objects,the depth and height of these atriums were investigated.Moreover,air temperatures,relative humidity and wind velocity in the selected atriums were monitored on typical sunny days in the summer.The relationship between thermal environment and atrium depth-height ratio was analyzed using the monitored data.Furthermore,based on the measured data,numerical simulations were performed using Ecotect software to comprehensively analyze summertime thermal comfort in various atriums with different depth-height ratios.The simulation results were discussed to obtain the atrium models suitable for the hot-humid climate.Finally,the improvement strategies were proposed for creating a thermally comfortable environment in the atrium,that is,the width-height ratios and the depth of the atriums are less than 1∶1,less than 3 m respectively.The suggestions were also provided for designing an atrium with suitable scale in the basin region with hot-humid climate.