粘接固定义齿的三维有限元研究进展

Progress in three dimensional finite element study of bonded fixed denture

牙缺失是口腔常见病、多发病,粘接固定义齿是一种基本不损伤健康邻牙,酸蚀后直接将义齿粘固于基牙上修复个别牙缺失的固定修复体,通常由金属、陶瓷或纤维增强复合树脂等材料制作而成。固位体、连接体和桥体是粘接固定义齿的重要组成部分,粘接剂是修复体与基牙稳固结合的纽带。粘接固定义齿的制作材料、固位体和粘接剂等与修复体及基牙的应力分布密切相关,是决定修复成败的关键。三维有限元分析法是一种先进的计算机辅助工程数值计算法,它能够对几何物体的力学性能进行数值转换,并分析不同部位的应力应变情况,其在粘接固定义齿中的应用,可以帮助我们在体外准确的建立修复材料、固位体、粘接剂、基牙以及牙周组织等的三维模型,并分析不同载荷下各部位的应力特点,为临床上个别牙缺失的固定修复提供生物力学依据。本文从制作材料、固位体及粘接剂等方面就三维限元法在粘接固定义齿中的研究进展进行综述。

Tooth loss is a common and frequently occurring oral disease.Bonded fixed denture is a kind of fixed prosthesis which does not damage the healthy adjacent teeth and directly adheres to the abutment teeth after acid etching to restore individual missing teeth.It is usually made of metal,ceramic or fiber-reinforced composite resin.The material,the design of the retainer and the mechanical properties of the adhesive have an important influence on the stress distribution of the bonded fixed denture,which is the key to the success of the restoration.Three-dimensional finite element analysis is an advanced computer-aided engineering numerical calculation method,which can transform the mechanical properties of geometric objects and analyse the stress and strain of each part.Its application in adhesive fixed denture can help us accurately establish three-dimensional models of restoration materials,retainers,adhesives,abutments and periodontal tissues in vitro,and calculate the stress distribution of different parts under different loads,so as to provide biomechanical basis for the clinical application of adhesive fixed denture in the restoration of individual tooth loss.In this paper,the research progress of three dimensional finite element method in adhesive fixed dentures is reviewed from the aspects of prosthetic materials,retainers and adhesives.