明清拟话本小说征引韵文的嬗变轨迹

The Evolution of the Inserted Verses in Simulant Scripts in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

通过计量统计发现,明清拟话本小说在征引韵文方面呈现出一些嬗变轨迹:征引韵文的文体类型由明代的繁富到清代的单一;征引诗的言数类型由明代的繁富到清代的精简,征引诗的句数则变化不大,大体以四句为主;征引词由明代的惯于引用到清代的偏爱原创,明末清初拟话本中出现了只引用或创作半阕词的现象;从《石点头》开始,绝大多数明末清初拟话本中的征引词多见于篇首位置,而长诗主要见于篇首位置则集中出现在清代康熙年间刊刻的拟话本中。嬗变轨迹的背后显示了拟话本小说家逐渐以“实用主义”的眼光来定位韵文的存在。

Through the statistical analysis, the author finds that the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasty have some evolution tracks in the aspect of soliciting rhymes. The style type of the solicitation rhyme is from the complexity of Ming Dynasty to the single of Qing Dynasty;The number of quotations is from the complexity of Ming Dynasty to the simplification of Qing Dynasty;The number of sentences in the poems is not changed much, mainly four sentences;The source of the quotation words can be seen from the Ming Dynasty to the preference for original in Qing Dynasty. In the end of Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, there was only a phenomenon of quoting or creating half of the words;From the beginning of Shidiantou, most of the quotations in the imitating texts of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty mainly appeared in the first position, while the long poems mainly appeared in the first place in the imitating texts published around Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. Behind the evolution track, it shows that the fictional novelist gradually takes the pragmatic perspective to locate the existence of the verse.