民族地区财政扶贫绩效评价与路径优化——基于重庆市6个样本县民族地区的实证研究

Performance evaluation and path optimization of financial poverty alleviation in ethnic areas:Based on the empirical study of ethnic minority areas of six sample counties in Chongqing

财政投入作为民族地区致富奔康的有力推手,对于推进乡村振兴战略,同步实现民生福祉有重要作用。利用DEA-BCC模型与Malmquist指数,基于巩固脱贫成果的现实需求,以4个民族自治县及2个县的民族乡为研究样本,对重庆市6个样本县2008—2018年财政扶贫绩效进行测算。研究发现:在静态评价方面,财政资金总体投入对样本县经济水平的相对提升有明显促进作用,但这种促进作用存在区域差异;在动态评价方面,产业、人力资本投资及公共服务等专项资金均能显著提升财政扶贫绩效。在乡村振兴战略全面推进的新发展阶段,应扩大政府财政资金投入规模,探索构建扶贫资金稳定投入增长机制,优化民族地区财政资金转移支付结构,设立专项基金促进民族地区特色产业发展,统筹推进脱贫攻坚成果巩固与乡村振兴有效衔接。

As a powerful push for the prosperity and health of ethnic areas,financial investment plays an important role in promoting the strategy of rural revitalization and realizing the well-being of people’s livelihood simultaneously.Based on the actual demand of consolidating poverty alleviation achievements,DEA BCC model and Malmquist index are used to measure the financial poverty alleviation performance of six sample counties,four ethnic autonomous counties and national townships of two counties in Chongqing from 2008 to 2018.The results show that:in static evaluation,the overall financial investment has a significant role in promoting the relative improvement of the economic level of Ethnic Autonomous County,but there are differences in the acceleration;in the dynamic evaluation,the special funds such as industry,human capital investment and public service can significantly improve the performance of financial poverty alleviation.In the new development stage of comprehensively promoting the strategy of rural revitalization,the country should expand the scale of government financial capital investment,explore and build a stable investment growth mechanism for poverty alleviation funds,optimize the structure of financial fund transfer and payment in ethnic areas,set up special funds to promote the development of characteristic industries in ethnic areas,and comprehensively promote the effective connection between the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.