民法典绿色原则的法理辩护与内容解析

Juridical Defense and Content Analysis of the Green Principle in the Civil Code

否定绿色原则具有民法基本原则地位的观点均不成立。作为面向生态文明的制度创新,绿色原则是立法者着力构建的显性原则、兼具强制与倡导双重面向的限制性原则、具有司法裁判功能的概括条款、单一环保指向的实体性原则、“补充公法”的私法原则。从我国法上的条文表述看,绿色原则表达宽泛的环保之意,为民事主体从事民事活动施加普遍环保义务,效力、范围限于私法层面,依诉讼请求推断具体后果,具有强制与倡导双重面向,追求“无害于”或“有益于”双重目标,从环保角度界定“节约资源”,对“生活环境”和“生态环境”一体保护。

None of he views that deny the status of green principle as the basic principle of civil law is untenable.As an institutional innovation that pursues ecological civilization,the green principle is an explicit principle that the legislator makes efforts to establish and a restrictive principle that are both compulsory and advocating,a generalized clause that enjoys the function of judicial adjudication,a substantive principle with the single orientation of environmental protection,and a private law principle that"supplements public law".From the expression of the legal text,the green principle expresses a broad meaning of environmental protection,imposes a general obligation of environmental protection on civil parties carrying out civil activities.Its effectiveness and scope are limited to the level of private law,and its specific consequences are inferred according to the litigation claims.The green principle has the dual features of"being mandatory and advocating",pursues the double goals of"being without prejudice"and"being helpful",defines"resource conservation"from the perspective of environmental protection and renders integrated protection of the"living environment"and the"ecological environment".