2017年~2019年天津市某三级医院流感病毒抗原阳性患者的临床特征

Clinical Characteristics of Influenza Virus Antigen-positive Patients in A Tertiary Hospital in Tianjin from 2017 to 2019

目的通过回顾性分析天津某三级医院近三年甲型、乙型流感病毒抗原阳性人群的流行病学特征和季节分布情况,为本地区流感防控及治疗提供理论依据。方法选取2017年6月1日~2019年10月31日于天津市某三级医院就诊的全年龄段的门诊和住院的疑似流感病毒感染的患者为研究对象。采集疑似流感病毒感染患者咽拭子,使用甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测试剂盒进行检测,对病原监测数据进行统计分析。结果共纳入3140例进行检测,检测结果阳性399例,阳性率12.71%;不同性别流感病毒阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);5~14岁年龄组阳性率最高,46~59岁年龄组最低,不同年龄组流感阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);流感病毒所致感染主要集中1~4月份;所有甲/乙型流感病毒抗原阳性的性患者中,急性上呼吸道感染阳性检出率最高(32.58%),其次为急性支气管炎(20.07%),初步诊断为发热待查的患者阳性检出率最低(10.22%)。结论流感病毒预防人群重点为15岁以下的儿童,流感主要流行于冬春季节,甲型流感病毒和乙型流感病毒交替流行。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics and seasonal distribution of influenza A and B influenza virus antigen-positive populations in a tertiary hospital in Tianjin in the past three years to provide a theoretical basis for influenza prevention,control and treatment in the region.Methods Selected patients with suspected influenza virus infection in outpatient clinics and hospitalizations of all ages who attended a tertiary hospital in Tianjin from June 1,2017 to October 31,2019.Collect throat swabs from patients with suspected influenza virus infection,use influenza A/B influenza virus antigen detection kits for detection,and perform statistical analysis on pathogen surveillance data.Results A total of 3140 cases were included for testing,and the test results were positive in 399 cases,with a positive rate of 12.71%;There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates of influenza viruses of different genders(P>0.05);The 5-14-years old age group had the highest positive rate,and the 46-59 years old age group had the lowest positive rate.There was a statistically significant difference in influenza positive rate among different age groups(P<0.05);Infections caused by influenza viruses are mainly concentrated from January to April;Among all the sex patients who are positive for influenza A/B virus antigens,the positive detection rate of acute upper respiratory tract infection was the highest(32.58%),followed by acute bronchitis(20.07%),and the positive detection rate was the lowest(10.22%)in patients with a preliminary diagnosis of fever.Conclusion The focus of influenza virus prevention population is children under 15 years old.Influenza is mainly prevalent in winter and spring,and influenza A and B influenza viruses alternate.