采用微格教学法的健康教育模式对食管癌术后患者疼痛控制和心理应激水平的影响

Effect of health education mode with Microteaching Method on pain control and psychological stress level of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer

目的:评估采用微格教学法的健康教育模式对食管癌术后患者疼痛控制和心理应激水平的影响。方法:纳入2017年6月~2019年6月食管癌患者160例,采用交替的方式将患者分配至观察组和对照组,各80例。对照组接受常规健康教育,观察组疼痛数字量表(NRS)疼痛评估操作、非药物疼痛缓解措施以及常见药物不良反应处理方法的健康教育采用微格教学法进行,其余方法同对照组。比较两组患者术后24 h、3 d和7 d时NRS评分的差异,术后24 h和术后7 d时心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)评分、汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分的差异。结果:两组患者术后24 h时,NRS、CD-RISC、HAMA和HAMD评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后3 d、7 d时NRS评分均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),观察组术后7 d时CD-RISC评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),HAMA评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而两组HAMD评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与传统健康教育模式相比,采用微格教学法的健康教育模式可更为显著地提高食管癌术后患者的疼痛控制水平,增强其心理韧性,降低负性情绪的发生率。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education mode with Microteaching Method on pain control and psychological stress level of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer.Method A total of 160 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group with 80 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education,while the observation group received Numerical rating scale(NRS)pain assessment operation,non-drug pain relief measures and treatment of common adverse drug reactions using Microteaching Method,and other methods were the same as the control group.The differences of NRS at 24 h,3 d and 7 d after operation,the scores of Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA)and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in NRS,CD-RISC,HAMA and HAMD scores between the two groups at 24 h after operation(P>0.05);NRS scores of observation group at 3 d and 7 d after operation were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.01),CD-RISC score of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01),HAMA score was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.01),while HAMD score of two groups had no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional health education mode,the health education mode of Microteaching method can significantly improve the pain control level of patients with esophageal cancer,enhance their psychological resilience and reduce the incidence of negative emotions.