草原公路行车分心时驾驶人的动态视觉特性

Driver’s dynamic visual characteristics of distracted driving in prairie highway environment

针对草原公路行车过程中驾驶人分心现象频繁、安全隐患严重的问题,利用模拟驾驶平台设置道路线形和行车环境与实景高度一致的典型草原公路交通环境,以驾驶人间歇性使用手机作为驾驶次任务,模拟自然驾驶过程,采集被试在分心和正常驾驶时的眼动指标参数及车辆运动参数,采用BeGaze、MATLAB等软件分析对比正常驾驶与分心驾驶状态下的动态视觉规律。结果表明:部分视觉参数可作为建立分心预警机制的敏感度监测指标;分心时驾驶人的注视区域游移且偏离主要视域,搜索路径呈无目的型的随机跳跃变化,有效视觉搜索范围和车辆的控制灵敏度呈明显的下降趋势。

When driving on prairie highways,drivers are frequently distracted,which can lead to serious safety hazards.In order to solve this problem,a grassland highway traffic environment was set up,which is highly similar to the real driving environment,through a simulated driving platform.In the process of simulating natural driving,the mobile phone was used as a driving sub-task.The parameters of eye movement and vehicle movement were collected during normal driving and distracted driving.The obtained data were analyzed by BeGaze and MATLAB,and the visual differences between normal and distracted driving were analyzed and compared.The results show that some parameters can be used as monitoring indexes of sensitivity to establish the distraction-warning mechanism.In the distracted state,the driver’s fixation area deviates from the main field of vision.The search path shows random jump without purpose.The effective visual search range and the control sensitivity of the vehicle show an obvious downward trend.