获批使用的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗有效性与安全性研究进展

Research progress on effectiveness and safety of approved coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines

疫苗的研发和接种是防控新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID⁃19)疫情最有效的手段。目前世界卫生组织批准紧急使用和我国附条件批准上市及紧急使用的COVID⁃19疫苗有4类,包括灭活疫苗、重组蛋白亚单位疫苗、信使核糖核酸疫苗和重组腺病毒载体疫苗。上市前的临床研究结果显示,这些疫苗均能有效刺激机体免疫系统产生针对新冠病毒的抗体,总体安全性较好,疫苗接种后的不良事件多为轻、中度。因COVID⁃19疫苗接种涉及的人群数量大,范围广,其安全问题不容忽视。医务工作者和研发人员应该保持高度警惕并进行长期监测,确保疫苗安全。

Vaccine development and vaccination are the most effective means to prevent and control coronavirus disease 2019(COVID⁃19).At present,there are 4 types of COVID⁃19 vaccines approved for emergency use by the World Health Organization and approved conditionally for marketing and emergency use by State Drug Administration of China,including inactivated vaccine,recombinant protein subunit vaccine,messenger RNA vaccine,and adenovirus vector-based vaccine.Pre⁃marketing clinical studies show that the vaccines above⁃mentioned can effectively stimulate the body′s immune system to produce antibodies against COVID⁃19,the overall safety is good.Most of the adverse events after vaccination are mild or moderate.However,COVID⁃19 vaccination involves a large number and wide range of people,and its safety problems can not be ignored.The medical workers and researchers should be on high alert and conduct long⁃term monitoring to ensure vaccine safety.