国际幼儿身体活动指南的研制理念与启示

Ideas and Inspirations of International Physical Activity Guidelines for Young Children

运用文献资料法等,分析21世纪以来国际上出台的近20部幼儿身体活动指南的研制情况。研究发现:在核心内容上,各国幼儿身体活动指南主要涉及适宜幼儿的身体活动量、活动强度、活动内容、久坐时间、屏幕时间等方面;在核心理念上,基于政府与社会各主体的权责关系进行核心功能定位,普遍强调幼儿的独特性和幼儿身体活动的综合性,基于实证研究结果和本国调查数据设定建议标准,基于本国自然和人文资源等提出实用建议。对我国的启示:利用指南研制过程,推动政府和社会建立责任意识并促进公众沟通;加强全国幼儿健康行为和风险因素的定期监测,为指南的研制提供科学依据;加强指南研制过程的多方参与,构建社会共识;制定具有中国特色的幼儿身体活动指南。

By using the method of literature review,this paper analyzed the development of nearly 20 physical activity guidelines for young children issued around the world since the beginning of the 21st century.Main fi ndings are as follows:In terms of the core content,physical activity guidelines for young children around the world mainly addressed the suitable physical activity level,intensity,content,sedentary time,and screen time for young children.In terms of core concepts,the guidelines defi ne core functions based on the relationship of responsibility among the government and various players of society,generally emphasize on young children's unique features and the comprehensiveness of young children's physical activities.Based on evidence and national survey data,national natural,social and cultural resources,we put forward some practical recommendations.Inspirations:Taking advantage of the process of developing the guidelines,we will promote government and society to establish a sense of responsibility and promote public communication,strengthen the regular monitoring of young children's health behaviors and risk factors to provide scientific evidence for developing the guidelines,strengthen participation of multiple parties during the guidelines development process to build social consensus,and develop physical activity guidelines for young children with Chinese characteristics.