不同纤维日粮对肉牛生长性能、养分消化及胴体性状的影响

Effects of different fiber diets on growth performance,nutrient digestion and carcass traits of beef cattle

文章旨在评估全混合日粮中不同纤维水平对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率和胴体性状的影响。试验将平均体重为(126.52±1.19)kg的32头肉牛随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头。高水平纤维组肉牛饲喂中性洗涤纤维水平为22.5%的全混合日粮,低水平纤维组肉牛饲喂中性洗涤纤维水平为13.5%的全混合日粮,其他营养成分维持一致,试验共进行220 d。结果:高水平纤维组肉牛110和220 d体重及1~110 d平均日增重、111~220 d平均日采食量均显著高于低水平纤维组(P<0.05)。高水平纤维组肉牛干物质和粗蛋白质表观消化率较低纤维组分别显著提高4.14%和4.73%(P<0.05)。高水平纤维组肉牛和低水平纤维组肉牛的有机物、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与低水平纤维组相比,高水平纤维组肉牛的屠宰率和内脏系膜脂肪占比分别显著提高3.26%和16.22%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,全混合日粮中高水平中性洗涤纤维(22.5%)可以提高肉牛的体重和育肥前期的平均日增重,改善干物质和粗蛋白质表观消化率,对胴体性状无负面影响。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fiber levels in total mixed diet on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and carcass traits of beef cattle.A total of 32 beef cattle with an average body weight of(126.52±1.19)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 4 cattle per replicate.Beef cattle in the high fiber level group were fed a total mixed diet with 22.5%neutral detergent fiber level,and those in the low fiber level group were fed a total mixed diet with 13.5%neutral detergent fiber level,and other nutrients were kept the same.The experiment lasted for 220 days.Results:Body weight at 110 and 220 d,average daily gain at 1~110 d and average daily feed intake at 111~220 d in high fiber level group were significantly higher than those in low fiber level group(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of beef cattle in high fiber group was significantly increased by 4.14%and 4.73%compared with that in low fiber group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in apparent digestibility of organic matter,crude fat,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber between high fiber group and low fiber group(P>0.05).Compared with low fiber group,the slaughter percentage and the percentage of visceral mesangial fat in high fiber group were significantly increased by 3.26%and 16.22%(P<0.05),respectively.Conclusions:Under the conditions of this experiment,high level of neutral detergent fiber(22.5%)in the total mixed diet can increase body weight and average daily gain in early fattening period,improve the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein,and have no negative effects on carcass traits of beef cattle.