日粮蛋白质和乳糖水平对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态和免疫性能的影响

Effects of dietary protein and lactose levels on growth performance,intestinal morphology and immune of weaning pigs

文章旨在评估日粮粗蛋白质和乳糖水平对断奶后前2周仔猪生长性能、肠道形态和免疫的影响。试验将21日龄断奶、平均初始体重为(6.55±0.01)kg的600头仔猪随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复25头。断奶仔猪试验日粮采用2×2因子设计,即2种粗蛋白质水平(20.5%和22.5%)以及2个乳糖水平(5%和10%),试验为期14 d。结果:无论日粮乳糖水平如何,低蛋白组断奶仔猪的末重、日增重和采食量均显著高于高蛋白质日粮组(P<0.05)。低蛋白质日粮组仔猪十二指肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度均显著高于高蛋白质日粮组(P<0.05)。在相同日粮蛋白质水平条件下,10%乳糖组十二指肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著高于5%乳糖组(P<0.05)。日粮蛋白质和乳糖水平对十二指肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度的影响具有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。在相同乳糖水平条件下,高蛋白质日粮组血清IgM浓度显著高于低蛋白质日粮组(P<0.05)。结论:低蛋白质日粮(20.5%)可以改善仔猪断奶后前2周的生长性能,补充10%乳糖可以提高十二指肠绒毛高度,而高蛋白质日粮可以提高血清IgM浓度。

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein and lactose levels on growth performance,intestinal morphology and immunity of piglets in the first 2 weeks after weaning.A total of 600 piglets weaned at 21 days of age with an average initial body weight of(6.55±0.01)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 25 piglets per replicate.The weaned pigs were fed a 2×2 factor design with two crude protein levels(20.5%and 22.5%)and two lactose levels(5%and 10%)for 14 days.RESULTS:Regardless of dietary lactose level,the final weight,daily gain and feed intake of weaned pigs in low protein group were significantly higher than those in high protein group(P<0.05).Villus height and crypt depth of duodenum in low protein diet group were significantly higher than those in high protein diet group(P<0.05).Under the same dietary protein level,villus height and crypt depth of duodenum in 10%lactose group were significantly higher than those in 5%lactose group(P<0.05).Dietary protein and lactose levels had significant interaction effects on villus height and crypt depth of duodenum(P<0.05).Under the same lactose level condition,the serum IgM concentration of high protein diet group was significantly higher than that of low protein diet group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Low protein diet(20.5%)can improve the growth performance of piglets in the first 2 weeks after weaning.Supplementation of 10%lactose can increase duodenal villus height,while high protein diet can increase serum IgM concentration.