颈动脉粥样硬化超声检查在脑梗死患者诊治中的应用

Application of carotid atherosclerosis ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化超声检查在脑梗死患者诊治中的应用。方法选择临沂市人民医院2017年10月至2019年12月期间确诊的脑梗死患者70例为超声组,选择同期体检健康者70例为对照组,对两组进行颈动脉粥样硬化超声检查,比较两组斑块检出情况,并对两组斑块形状、血流参数、颈动脉狭窄程度进行比较。结果超声组患者检测出斑块51例,对照组患者检测出斑块11例。超声组患者发病率(87.14%)明显高于对照组患者(17.14%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超声组扁平斑块、软斑块、硬斑块、溃疡斑块比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。超声组患者颈总动脉长度(CCA)、斑块长度(BIF)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)多于对照组,而收缩期最高流速(SPV)、舒张末期最低流速(EDV)少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超声组患者颈动脉狭窄程度高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化超声检查在脑梗死患者诊治中准确率高,可及早发现颈动脉粥样硬化,值得临床进一步推广研究。

Objective Combined with clinical experience,to explore the application of carotid atherosclerosis ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction.Methods Selecting Linyi city of shandong province people′s hospital in October 2017-in December 2019,70 cases of application of carotid atherosclerosis for ultrasonography group.Results Plaque was detected in 51 patients in the ultrasound group and 11 patients in the control group.The incidence in the ultrasound group(87.14%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(17.14%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of flat plaque,soft plaque,hard plaque and ulcer plaque in the ultrasound group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After comparison,CCA(mm),BIF(mm),PI and RI in the ultrasound group were more than those in the control group,while SPV(cm/s)and EDV(cm/s)were less than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Carotid atherosclerosis ultrasonography has a high accuracy in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction.It can sensitively detect the size,nature,pathological type and severity of carotid atherosclerotic plaques,and it can early appear carotid atherosclerosis,which is worth further clinical research.