人格特质对行人行为影响的理论解释综述

The Theoretical Explanation for the Influence of Personality Traits on Pedestrian Behavior

探究行人行为的影响因素是研究我国交通安全的重要内容。诸多研究表明,行人人格特质是影响其交通行为的重要因素,其中,冲动性与感觉寻求、利他主义、大五人格、从众、无规范感、愤怒等人格特质不仅对行人行为具有预测作用,也与行人交通事故卷入率密切相关,但既往研究对这些特质如何影响行人行为以及交通事故发生的心理机制的探讨并不深入。通过结合心理学相关理论和相关文献分析发现,唤醒理论、人格特质理论、计划行为理论、风险平衡理论可以全面系统地解释这些人格特质对行人行为的作用机制。

Exploring the influencing factors of pedestrian behavior is an important content of the study of traffic safety management field.Many studies have shown that pedestrian personality traits are important factors influencing their traffic behavior.Among which,impulsivity and sensation seeking,altruism,the Big Five,conformity,normlessness and anger not only have predictive effects on pedestrian behavior,but also are closely related to pedestrian traffic accident involvement rate.However,previous studies have not thoroughly explored how these characteristics affect pedestrian behavior and the psychological mechanism of traffic accidents.By combining relevant psychology theories and related literature analysis,it is found that arousal theory,theory of personality trait,the planned behavior theory,risk homeostasis theory can comprehensively and systematically explain the mechanism of these personality traits on pedestrian behavior.