巴金和茅盾小说词汇计量风格学研究

A Study of Computational Stylistics of Vocabulary in Novels by Ba Jin and Mao Dun

以巴金和茅盾两位作家的作品全集(约425万字的小说)为研究对象,从词长、标准型例比、单现词、关键词、词汇密度、人称代词、颜色词等七个角度对比分析了两位作家的写作风格差异,通过独立样本T检验和U检验可知,巴金用词音节稍长,且多使用第一人称代词,长于抒情。茅盾多使用第三人称代词,叙事更加客观;作品虚词显化,且颜色词丰富,单现词明显较多,用词力避重复,其作品之间的词汇丰富度差异小。茅盾作品信息量更大,修饰成分多是原因之一,这可能会导致作品阅读难度加大。巴金重意合,茅盾重形合。不过,二人作品都多描写封建社会,语言、神态、心理等方面的描写都较为丰富。

This paper takes the novels by Ba Jin and Mao Dun as objects,which are about 4.25 million characters.We compared their writing styles from word length,standard type-token ratio,single-presented words,keywords,lexical density,personal pronouns and color words.After independent-Sample T test and U test,it is found that Ba Jin uses polysyllable and first-person pronouns more,meaning he’s good at lyric style.Mao Dun mostly uses the third person making narrative objective,who obviously avoid repeating function words,color words and single-present words,so the difference of vocabulary richness degree between his works is small.Due to lots of modification,Mao Dun's works are more informative,which may make the works more difficult to read.Ba Jin values parataxis,and Mao Dun hypotaxis.However,their works both mostly describe feudal society with a little rich description in language,demeanor,and psychology.