颗粒阻尼减振特性研究

Study on Vibration Reduction Characteristics of Particle Damping

颗粒阻尼技术是一种被动减振降噪技术,已成功应用于多个领域。根据填充颗粒的空心圆柱体建立仿真模型,通过搭建的试验台,进行试验数据采集和分析,验证仿真模型的有效性。采用离散单元法(Discrete element method,DEM),在仿真模型基础上研究颗粒材料类型、粒径、数目、初始位移量等参数变化对结构振动特性的影响规律;同时还研究该阻尼结构的隔振效果。研究表明:随着颗粒阻尼器中颗粒数目增加,结构减振效果先增强后减弱;其他条件相同时,减小粒径可有效提高减振水平;所选材料中,钢颗粒减振效果较好;初始位移量越大,减振效果越好;当激励频率大于√2 f0(f0为结构固有频率)时,该颗粒阻尼器具有良好隔振效果。该模型算法可为机械构件减振性能设计提供重要参考。

Particle damping technology is a passive vibration and noise reduction technology,which has been successfully applied in many fields.In this study,a simulation model of a hollow cylinder filled with particles was established,and the experimental data was collected and analyzed through the test bench,which verified the effectiveness of the simulation model.Discrete element method(DEM)was used to study the influence of the material type,size,number,and initial displacement of particles on the vibration characteristics of the structure on the basis of the simulation model.At the same time,the vibration isolation effect of the damping structure was also studied.The results show that as the number of particles in the particle damper increases,the structural vibration damping effect is initially enhanced and then weakened.When the other conditions are the same,reducing the particle size can effectively improve the vibration damping level.Among the selected materials,steel particles have the best vibration damping effect.The larger the initial displacement,the better the damping effect.When the excitation frequency is greater than √2 f0(f0 is the natural frequency of the structure),the particle damper has a very good vibration isolation effect.The model algorithm provides an important reference for the design of vibration damping performance of mechanical components.