地铁列车进出站对换乘站振动影响实测分析

Measurement and Analysis of the Impact of Metro Transfer Train Arriving at or Departing from the Station on Platform Vibration

为研究列车进、出站所引起某地铁换乘站楼板及办公区休息室的振动特性及其在不同楼层的传播规律,基于现场实测数据,采用时频分析、插入损失、1/3倍频程及Z振级曲线拟合等方法进行分析,得出以下结论:(1)地铁列车进、出站工况下的垂向加速度大于水平加速度,出站工况下楼板振动加速度大于进站工况,负一楼楼板振动加速度大于负二楼。无论哪种工况的振动响应在频谱上主要都集中在20 Hz~50 Hz和80 Hz~150 Hz频段;(2)列车引起的振动响应随着垂直轨向距离的增加而呈线性衰减趋势,负一楼振源引起楼板振动的线性衰减率为0.3 dB∙m^(-1),负二楼振源引起楼板振动的线性衰减率为0.91 dB/m,沿柱方向水平振动衰减快于垂向振动。(3)办公区休息室中2 Hz~4 Hz上较大的振动加速度级主要由背景振动产生,列车进站引起的振动响应在31.50 Hz或80 Hz处出现最大值,为44.98 dB~47.69 dB,列车出站引起的振动响应在80 Hz处出现最大值,为45.18 dB~48.73 dB。进站工况下平均振级为64.12 dB,出站工况下平均振级为60.87 dB,满足规范限值要求。该研究工作对地铁换乘站振动精准预测及振动控制具有参考价值。

The vibration characteristics of the platform and office area caused by the train arriving at or departing from the metro interchange station and the transmission law of vibration along different floors are studied.Based on the field measurement data,the insertion loss,time-frequency analysis,1/3 octave and the curve fitting of Z vibration level are used for analysis.It is concluded that(1)The vertical acceleration under metro train arrival and departure is greater than the horizontal acceleration,the platform vibration acceleration under train leaving station condition is greater than that under arriving at station condition,the vibration acceleration of the negative first floor underground is greater than that of the negative second underground floor.In the frequency spectrum,no matter what kind of working conditions,the vibration response is mainly concentrated in the frequency bands of 20 Hz-50 Hz and 80 Hz-150 Hz;(2)The train-induced vibration response decreases linearly with the increase of the vertical distance from the track.The linear attenuation rate of the negative first floor is 0.3 dB∙m-1,and that of the negative second floor is 0.91 dB∙m^(-1).The horizontal vibration attenuation is faster than the vertical vibration attenuation along the column direction;(3)Larger vibration acceleration level at 2 Hz-4 Hz is mainly caused by background vibration in the rest room of the office area.The maximum vibration response caused by train arriving at the station appears at 31.5 Hz or 80 Hz,the corresponding maximum vibration acceleration level is 44.98 dB-47.69 dB;and that leaving the station appears at 80 Hz,the corresponding maximum vibration acceleration level is 45.18 dB-48.73 dB.The average vibration level is 64.12 dB when the train arriving at the metro and 60.87 dB when the train leaving the metro,which meets the requirements of the specification.The research work has a reference value for vibration analysis and vibration reduction design of similar metro transfer stations.