湖北省夏玉米耐密植宜机收品种筛选与评价

Selection and Evaluation of Summer Maize Varieties with Tolerance to Planting Density andAdaptability for Mechanical Harvesting in the Northern Part of the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Hubei Province)

为筛选适宜湖北省密植宜机收夏玉米品种,选用市面上常用的23个玉米品种,设置4 000、5 000、6 000株·(667 m2)-13个密度,通过宜机收相关性状(籽粒含水量、株高、穗位高、倒伏率、茎腐病病株率、产量、穗粒数、苞叶层数等)调查,采用主成分分析、隶属函数分析等方法对其耐密植宜机收潜力进行分析。结果表明,夏玉米11个单项指标在每个密度下均可以转换成鉴定玉米宜机收潜力的3个相互独立综合指标;在4 000、5 000、6 000株·(667 m2)-1密度条件下,宜机收潜力位列前4名的品种分别是登海618、登海829、迪卡517、来玉177,适合在湖北省夏玉米种植区推广种植。

In order to screen the summer maize varieties suitable for close-planting and machine-harvesting in Hubei province, 23 commonly used maize varieties in the market were planted under the density of 4 000, 5 000, 6 000 plants·(667 m2)-1 and principal component analysis(PCA) and membership function analysis(PCA) were used to analyze the potential of tolerance to dense planting and adaptability to machine harvesting based on machine-harvesting related characteristics including grain water content, plant height, ear height, lodging rate, plant disease incidence infected stem rot, yield, number of grains per ear and bract layer, etc. The results showed that the 11 single indexes of summer maize could be converted into three independent comprehensive indexes to identify the machine-harvestable potential for maize at each density. Under the density of 4 000, 5 000 and 6 000 plants·(667 m2)-1, the top 4 varieties with suitable machine-harvesting potential were Huamei 1, Dica 517, Denghai 829 and Denghai 618, respectively, which were suitable for hubei province summer maize planting area to promote planting.